Selected References:

• Altuwaijri M. 2022. Evidence-based treatment recommendations for gastroesophageal reflux disease during pregnancy: A review. Medicine. 101(35).
• Anderka M, et al, and the National Birth Defects Prevention Study. 2012. Medications Used to Treat Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy and the Risk of Selected Birth Defects. Birth Defects Res (Part A); 94:22-30.
• Beinder E. 2007. Calcium-supplementation in pregnancy-is it a must?. Ther Umsch. 2007 May;64(5):243-7.
• Borkenhagen JF, et al. 2013. Neonatal hypocalcemic seizures due to excessive maternal calcium ingestion. Pediatr Neurol. 48(6):469-71.
• D’Souza R, et al. 2013. Calcium carbonate intoxication in pregnancy: the return of the milk-alkali syndrome. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 35(11): 976–7.
• Fairney A, Weir AA. 1970. The effect of abnormal maternal plasma calcium levels on the offspring of rats. J Endocr 48:337-345.
• Hofmeyr GJ, et al. 2014. Low-dose calcium supplementation for preventing pre-eclampsia: a systematic review and commentary. BJOG: 121(8): 951–957.
• Ito M, et al. 1994. Prevention of preeclampsia with calcium supplementation and vitamin D3 in an antenatal protocol. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 47(2):115- 120.
• Heinonen OP, et al. 1977 Birth Defects and Drugs in Pregnancy. Littleton, Mass.: John Wright-PSG, pp 444, 479, 498.
• Katz PO, et al. 2022. ACG Clinical Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 117(1):27-56.
• Kolnick L, et al. 2011. Hypercalcemia in pregnancy: a case of milk-alkali syndrome. J Gen Intern Med. 26(8):939-42.
• Lagarto A, et al. 2013. Prenatal effects of natural calcium supplement on Wistar rats during organogenesis period of pregnancy. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 65(1-2):49-53.
• Merialdi M, et al. 2003. Nutritional interventions during pregnancy for the prevention or treatment of impaired fetal growth: an overview of randomized controlled trials. J Nutr 133(5 Suppl 2):1626S-1631S.
• Morton A. 2002. Milk-alkali syndrome in pregnancy, associated with elevated levels of parathyroid hormone-related protein. Intern Med J 32: 492-494.
• National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements. 2022. Calcium Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. Available at: https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Calcium-HealthProfessional/.
• Picolos MK, et al. 2004. Milk-alkali syndrome in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 104:1201-4.
• Thornton MD, et al. 2013. Neonatal seizures: soothing a burning topic. Pediatr Emerg Care. 29(10):1107-10.
• Trezevant MS, 2019. Hypercalcemia-induced pancreatitis in pregnancy following calcium carbonate ingestion. J Pharm Pract. 32(2):225–7.
• Robertson W. 2002. Calcium carbonate consumption during pregnancy: an unusual cause of neonatal hypocalcemia. Journal of child neurology. 17(11):853-55.
• Rodriguez H. 2018. Are You Getting Enough Calcium to Get Pregnant?. Natural Fertility Info: 1.
• Ulliam ME, Linas SL. 1988. The milk-alkali syndrome in pregnancy. Case report. Miner Electrolyte Metab 14:208-10

Selected References:   

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• Allweiler SI, Kogan LR. 2013. Inhalation anesthetics and the reproductive risk associated with occupational exposure among women working in veterinary anesthesia. Vet Anaesth Analg, 40(3):285-289. 
• Anderson PO. 2021. General anesthesia while breastfeeding. Breastfeeding Medicine, 16(4):275-277.  
• Andropoulos DB, Greene MF. 2017. Anesthesia and developing brains – Implications of the FDA Warning. N Engl J Med, 376(10):905-907.  
• Beatriz L, et al. 2015. Anesthesia for non-obstetrical surgery during pregnancy. Gen Med Open Access; 3:1–4.  
• Bleeser T, et al. 2022. Neurodevelopmental outcomes after prenatal exposure to anaesthesia for maternal surgery: a propensity-score weighted bidirectional cohort study. Anaesthesia, 78:159–169. 
• Brodsky JB, et al. 1980. Surgery during pregnancy and fetal outcome. Am J Ob Gyn, 138(8):1165-1167. 
• Choi HN, et al. 2021. Evaluation of safety and foeto-maternal outcome following non-obstetric surgery in pregnancy: a retrospective single-site Australian study. ANZ J Surg, 91:627-632.  
• Cusimano MC, et al. 2023. Adverse fetal outcomes and maternal mortality following nonobstetric abdominopelvic surgery in pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Surg, 278:e147–e157. 
• Czeizel AE, et al. 1998. Reproductive outcome after exposure to surgery under anesthesia during pregnancy. Arch Gynecol Obstet, 261(4):193-199. 
• Dalal PG, et al. 2014. Safety of the breast-feeding infant after maternal anesthesia. Paediatr Anaesth, (4):359-371.  
• Duncan PG, et al. 1986. Fetal risk of anesthesia and surgery during pregnancy. Anesthesiology, 64:790-794.  
• Fisher SC, et al. 2020. Maternal surgery and anesthesia during pregnancy and risk of birth defects in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997-2011. Birth Defects Res, 112(2):162-174.  
• Gwanzura C, et al. 2023. Effect of anesthesia administration method on apgar scores of infants born to women undergoing elective cesarean section. BMC Anesthesiol. 23(1):142. 
• Haataja, A, et al. 2023. Non-obstetric surgery during pregnancy and the effects on maternal and fetal outcomes: A systematic review. Scandinavian journal of surgery : SJS : official organ for the Finnish Surgical Society and the Scandinavian Surgical Society, 112(3), 187–205. 
• Ing C, et al. 2021. Prenatal exposure to general anesthesia and childhood behavioral deficit. Anesth Analg. 133(3):595-605. 
• Jankowsky J, et al. 2023. Best Practices for the Care of Breastfeeding Patients Requiring Local or General Anesthesia. Nurs Womens Health. 27(3):231-236. 
• Knill-Jones RP, et al. 1975. Anaesthetic practice and pregnancy. Lancet, 2:807–809. 
• Mazze RI, Källén B. 1989. Reproductive outcome after anesthesia and operation during pregnancy: a registry study of 5405 cases. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 161(5):1178-1185. 
• Olutoye OA, et al. 2018. Food and Drug Administration warning on anesthesia and brain development: implications for obstetric and fetal surgery. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 218(1):98-102. 
• Robbins LS, et al. 2021. General anesthesia for cesarean delivery and childhood neurodevelopment and perinatal outcomes: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Int J Obstet Anesth. 45:44-40. 
• Sanders RD, et al. 2013. Impact of anaesthetics and surgery on neurodevelopment: an update. Br J Anaesth, 110 Suppl 1:i53-72.  
• Smith BE. 1963. Fetal prognosis after anesthesia during gestation. Anesth Analg, 42;521-526. 
• Shnider SM, Webster, GM. 1965. Maternal and fetal hazards of surgery during pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 92;891-900. 
• Sylvester GC, et al. 1994. First-trimester anesthesia exposure and the risk of central nervous system defects: a population-based case-control study. Am J Public Health, 84(11)1757-1760. 
• Tolcher MC, et al. 2018. Nonobstetric surgery during pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 132:395–403.  
• Upadya M, Saneesh P. 2016. Anaesthesia for non-obstetric surgery during pregnancy. Indian J Anaesth 60:234.   
• US FDA. FDA Drug Safety Communication. 4/27/17. FDA review results in new warnings about using general anesthetics and sedation drugs in young children and pregnant women. Update. FDA approves label changes for use of general anesthetic and sedation drugs in young women. https://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm532356.htm  
• Yu CH, et al. 2018. Pregnancy outcomes following nonobstetric surgery during gestation: a nationwide population-based case-control study in Taiwan. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, 26;18(1):460. 
• Zeleke ME, et al. 2024. Perioperative management of surgical procedure during pregnancy: a systematic review. Ann Med Surg (Lond), 86(6):3432–3441. 

Selected References

• Bird TM, et al. 2009. Demographic and environmental risk factors for gastroschisis and omphalocele in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study. J Ped Surg, 44(8):1546-1551.  
• Baldacci S, et al. 2024. Medication use during pregnancy and the risk of gastroschisis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Orphanet J Rare Dis, 19(1):31.  
• Banihani SA. 2019. Effect of ibuprofen on semen quality. Andrologia: 51(4):e13228. 
• Brandlistuen RE et al. 2013. Prenatal paracetamol exposure and child neurodevelopment: a sibling-controlled study. Int J Epidemiol, 42(6):1702-1713.  
• Choi E-Y, et al. 2023. Neonatal and maternal adverse outcomes and exposure to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs during early pregnancy in South Korea: a nationwide cohort study. PLoS Med, 20(2):e1004183.  
• Dawood MY. 1993. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and reproduction. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 169(5):1255-1265.  
• Daniel S, et al. 2014. Fetal exposure to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and spontaneous abortion. Can Med Assoc J 186(5):E177-E182. 
• Daniel S, et al. 2015. NSAIDs and spontaneous abortions – true effect or an indication bias? Br J Clin Pharmacol, 80(4):750-754. 
• Dathe K, et al. 2018. No evidence of adverse pregnancy outcome after exposure to ibuprofen in the first trimester—Evaluation of the national Embryotox cohort. Reproductive Toxicology, 79: 32-38. 
• Ericson A and Kallen BA. 2001. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in early pregnancy. Reprod Toxicol, 15:371- 375.  
• Esposito DB, et al. 2021. Periconceptional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use, folic acid intake, and the risk of spina bifida. Birth Defects Res, 113(17):1257-1266.  
• Halpern JA, et al. 2020. Effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use upon male gonadal function: A national, population-based study. Fertil Steril; 113(3):469–476. 
• Hernandez RK, et al. 2012; Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use among women and the risk of birth defects. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 206:228.e1-e8.  
• Høyer BB, et al. 2017. Use of non-prescription analgesics and male reproductive function. Reprod Toxicol; 74:70–7. 
• Kavoussi PK, et al. 2018. Ibuprofen does not have an adverse impact on semen parameters. J Assist Reprod Genet 35(12):2201-2204. 
• Killick S and Elstein M. 1987. Pharmacological production of luteinized unruptured follicles by prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors. Fertil Steril, 47:773-777. 
• Kristensen DM, et al. 2018. Ibuprofen alters human testicular physiology to produce a state of compensated hypogonadism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 115(4):E715-E724.  
• Janssen NM and Genta MS. 2000. The effects of immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory medication on fertility, pregnancy, and lactation. Arch Intern Med, 160:610-619.  
• Li DK, et al. 2003. Exposure to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs during pregnancy and risk of miscarriage: population based cohort study. BMJ, 327(7411):368.  
• Martini AC, et al. 2003. Analysis of semen from patients chronically treated with low or moderate doses of aspirin-like drugs. Fertil Steril; 80(1):221–222. 
• McInerney KA, et al. 2017. Preconception use of pain-relievers and time-to-pregnancy: a prospective cohort study. Hum Reprod, 32(1):103-111. 
• Nakhai-Pour HR et al. 2011. Use of nonaspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs during pregnancy and the risk of spontaneous abortion. CMAJv 183(15):1713-1720.  
• Nezvalova-Henriksen K et al. 2013. Effects of ibuprofen, diclofenac, naproxen, and piroxicam on the course of pregnancy and pregnancy outcome: a prospective study. BJOG, 120(8):948-959.  
• Nielsen GL, et al. 2001. Risk of adverse birth outcome and miscarriage in pregnant users of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: population based observational study and case-control study. BMJ, 322(7281):266-270.  
• Nielsen GL, et al. 2004. Danish group reanalyses miscarriage in NSAID users. BMJ, 328(7431):109.  
• NHS. 2021. Can I take ibuprofen when I’m pregnant? https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/ibuprofen-for-adults/pregnancy-breastfeeding-and-fertility-while-taking-ibuprofen/ 
• Ofori B, et al. 2006. Risk of congenital anomalies in pregnant users of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: a nested case-control study. Birth Defects Res B Dev Reprod Toxicol, 77(4):268-279.  
• Penfield M, et al. 2019. Ibuprofen and postpartum blood pressure in women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol, 134(6):1219-1226. 
• Petersen TG, et al. 2018. Use of paracetamol, ibuprofen or aspirin in pregnancy and risk of cerebral palsy in the child. Int J Epidemiol, 47(1):121-130. 
• Rigourd V et al. 2014. Ibuprofen concentrations in human mature milk – first data about pharmacokinetics study in breast milk with AOR-10127 “Antalait” study. Ther Drug Monitor, 36(5):590-596.  
• Torfs CP, et al. 1996. Maternal medications and environmental exposures as risk factors for gastroschisis. Teratology, 54(2):84-92.  
• Triebwasser JE, et al. 2019. A randomized-controlled trial to assess the effect of ibuprofen on postpartum blood pressure in women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Pregnancy Hypertens, 18:117-121. 
• Townsend RJ, et al. 1984. Excretion of ibuprofen into breast milk. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 149(2):184-186.  
• U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 2020. FDA Warns that Using a Type of Pain and Fever Medication in Second Half of Pregnancy Could Lead to Complications. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-warns-using-type-pain-and-fever-medication-second-half-pregnancy-could-lead-complications?utm_medium=email&utm_source=govdelivery Accessed 2 Dec 2024. 
• Uhler ML, et al. 2001. The effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on ovulation: a prospective, randomized clinical trial. Fertil Steril, 76(5):957-961. 
• Zafeiri A, et al. 2022. Maternal over-the-counter analgesic use during pregnancy and adverse perinatal outcomes: cohort study of 151 141 singleton pregnancies. BMJ Open, 12(5):e048092.  

Selected References:

• Abel EL. Maternal alcohol consumption and spontaneous abortion. 1997. Alcohol Alcohol. May-Jun;32(3):211-9.  
• Adams J, et al. 2002. Statement of the Public Affairs Committee of the Teratology Society on the fetal alcohol syndrome. Teratology. 66(6):344-347.  
• Akison LK, et al. 2019. Adverse health outcomes in offspring associated with fetal alcohol exposure: a systematic review of clinical and preclinical studies with a focus on metabolic and body composition outcomes. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 43(7):1324-1343. 
• Akison LK, et al. 2019. Adverse reproductive outcomes associated with fetal alcohol exposure: a systematic review. Reprod Camb Engl. 157(4):329-343. 
• Anderson K, et al. 2010 Lifestyle factors in people seeking infertility treatment – A review. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 50(1):8-20.  
• Bandoli G, et al. 2022. Trajectories of prenatal alcohol exposure and behavioral outcomes: Findings from a community-based sample. Drug Alcohol Depend 1;233:109351.  
• Broccia M, et al. 2023. Heavy prenatal alcohol exposure and overall morbidities: a Danish nationwide cohort study from 1996 to 2018. Lancet 8(1):e36-346.  
• Carter RC, et al. 2016. Fetal alcohol growth restriction and cognitive impairment. Pediatrics 138(2): e20160775 
• Carter RC, et al. 2022. Gestational weight gain and dietary energy, iron, and choline intake predict severity of fetal alcohol growth restriction in a prospective birth cohort. Am J Clin Nutr 4;116(2):460-469.  
• Coles CD, et al. 1984. Neonatal ethanol withdrawal: characteristics in clinically normal, nondysmorphic neonates. J Pediatr 105(3):445-451. 
• Coles, CD, et al.  2024.  Prenatal alcohol exposure and health at midlife: self-reported health outcomes in two cohorts.  Alcohol: Clin Exp Res, 48 (11), 2045-2059, doi.org/10.1111/acer.15441 
• de Angelis C, et al. 2020. Smoke, alcohol and drug addiction and female fertility. Reprod Biol Endocrinol RBE. 18:21  
• Easey KE, et al. 2019. Prenatal alcohol exposure and offspring mental health: A systematic review. Drug Alcohol Depend 197:344-353. 
• Eisenberg, M.L, et al. (2024). Preconception alcohol consumption in both partners and risk of miscarriage. Reproductive BioMedicine Online, 104698. 
• Fuglestad AJ, et al. 2014. Overweight and obesity among children and adolescents with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 38(9):2502-8.  
• Halling-Overgaard A-S, et al. 2018. Atopic dermatitis and alcohol use – a meta-analysis and systematic review. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol JEADV 32(8):1238-1245.  
• Ho E, et al. 2001. Alcohol and breast feeding: calculation of time to zero level in milk. Biol Neonate.80(3):219-222.  
• Hon KL, et al. 2018. An overview of exposure to ethanol-containing substances and ethanol intoxication in children based on three illustrated cases. Drugs Context; 7:212512.  
• Huang I, et al. 2019. A systematic review of associations between maternal exposures during pregnancy other than smoking and antenatal fetal measurements. Environ Res 173:528-538. 
• Jacobson, JL, et al. 2024. A dose-response analysis of the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on cognitive development. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 48 (4): 623-639.  
• Jarmasz JS, et al. 2017. Human Brain Abnormalities Associated with Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol; 76(9):813-833 
• Jones KL, et al. 1973. Pattern of malformation in offspring of chronic alcoholic mothers. Lancet 1(7815):1267-1271.  
• Lewis CE, et al. 2016. Prospective Memory Impairment in Children with Prenatal Alcohol Exposure. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 40(5):969-78. 
• Little RE, et al. 1989. Maternal alcohol use during breast-feeding and infant mental and motor development at one year. N Engl J Med. 321:425- 430.  
• Little RE, et al. 2002. Alcohol, breastfeeding, and development at 18 months. Pediatrics. 109:e72-77.  
• Matteson SN, et al. 2010. Toward a Neurobehavioral Profile of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1;34(9):1640-1650. 
• May PA, et al. 2016. Breastfeeding and maternal alcohol use: Prevalence and effects on child outcomes and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. Reprod Toxicol. 63:13-21.  
• Muthusami KR and Chinnaswamy P. 2005. Effect of chronic alcoholism on male fertility hormones and semen quality. Fertil Steril. 84(4):919- 924.  
• Naik VD, et al. 2022. Effects of nutrition and gestational alcohol consumption on fetal growth and development. Nutr Rev 9;80(6):1568-1579.  
• Niclasen J, et al. 2014. Prenatal exposure to alcohol, and gender differences on child mental health at age seven years. J Epidemiol Community Health. 68(3):224-32.  
• Nykjaer C, et al. 2014. Maternal alcohol intake prior to and during pregnancy and risk of adverse birth outcomes: evidence from a British cohort. J Epidemiol Community Health. 68(6):542-9.  
• OLeary CM. 2004. Fetal alcohol syndrome: diagnosis, epidemiology, and developmental outcomes. J Paediatr Child Health.40(1-2):2-7.  
• Perez da Silva Pereira P, et al. 2019. Maternal exposure to alcohol and low birthweight: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Rev Bras Ginecol E Obstetrícia 41(5):333-347. 
• Pfinder M. 2014. Anthropometric and health-related behavioral factors. Int J Environ Res Public Health 11(1):849-865.  
• Phillips NL, et al. 2022. Impact of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder on families. Arch Dis Child 107(8):755-757. 
• Rasmussen C. 2005. Executive functioning and working memory in fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 29(8):1359-1367.  
• Roozen S, et al. 2018. Systematic literature review on which maternal alcohol behaviours are related to fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). BMJ Open 8(12):e022578. 
• Sambo D, Goldman D. 2023. Genetic influences on fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. Genes 14(1):195. 
• Sansone A, et al. 2018. Smoke, alcohol and drug addiction and male fertility. Reprod Biol Endocrinol RBE 16(1):3. 
• Sayal K, et al. 2014. Prenatal exposure to binge pattern of alcohol consumption: mental health and learning outcomes at age 11. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 23(10):891-9.  
• Saxov, KR, et al. 2023. Maternal alcohol consumption and the risk of miscarriage in the first and second trimesters; A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 102 (7),821-832. 
• Spohr H-L,et al. 2007. Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in young adulthood. J Pediatr 150(2):175-179.  
• Strandberg-Larsen K, et al. 2008. Binge drinking in pregnancy and risk of fetal death. Obstet Gynecol 111(3):602-609.  
• Subramoney S, et al. 2018. The early developmental outcomes of prenatal alcohol exposure: A review. Front Neurol 2018;9. 
• Sundermann AC, et al. 2019. Alcohol use in pregnancy and miscarriage: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 43(8):1606-1616. 
• Sundermann AC, et al. 2020. Week-by-week alcohol consumption in early pregnancy and spontaneous abortion risk: A prospective cohort study. Am J Obstet Gynecol. Published online July 13, 2020. 
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (n.d.). Understanding binge drinking. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Retrieved from https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/brochures-and-fact-sheets/binge-drinking. 
• Wang T, et al. 2022. Effect of maternal alcohol consumption during the pre-pregnancy/early-pregnancy period on congenital heart disease: A prospective cohort study in Central China. Prev Med 155:106963. 
• Warren KR and Li T-K. 2005. Genetic polymorphisms: impact on the risk of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol 73(4):195-203.  
• Wetherill L, et al. 2018. Meta-Analyses of externalizing disorders: genetics or prenatal alcohol exposure? Alcohol Clin Exp Res; 42(1):162-172. 
• Yin X, et al. 2019. Maternal alcohol consumption and oral clefts: a meta-analysis. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019;57(9):839-846 

Selected References:  

• Althagafi H, et al. 2022. Effect of hidradenitis suppurativa on obstetric and neonatal outcomes. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med; 35(25):8388-8393.  
• Chellappan B, et al. 2022. Dermatologic Management of Hidradenitis Suppurativa and Impact on Pregnancy and Breastfeeding. Cutis; 109(3):160-162.   
• Collier E, et al. 2020. Special considerations for women with hidradenitis suppurativa. Int J Womens Dermatol; 6(2):85-88.  
• Fitzpatrick L, et al. 2022. Adverse pregnancy and maternal outcomes in women with hidradenitis suppurativa. J Am Acad Dermatol; 86(1):46-54. 
• Li K, et al. 2024. Hidradenitis Suppurativa and Maternal and Offspring Outcomes. JAMA Dermatol. 160(12):1297-1303.  
• Lotan P, et al. 2023. Association between Hidradenitis Suppurativa and Abnormalities in Semen Parameters and Sexual Function: A Pilot Study. Acta Derm Venereol; 103:adv11603.  
• Lyons AB, et al. 2020. Evaluation of Hidradenitis Suppurativa Disease Course During Pregnancy and Postpartum. JAMA Dermatol; 156(6):681-685. 
• Lyons AB, et al. 2020. Retrospective cohort study of pregnancy outcomes in hidradenitis suppurativa. Br J Dermatol; 183(5):945-947.   
• Oumeish OY, Al-Fouzan AW. 2006. Miscellaneous diseases affected by pregnancy. Clin Dermatol; 24(2):113-7.  
• Özbek L, et al. 2025. Hidradenitis Suppurativa Treatment During Pregnancy and Lactation: Navigating Challenges. Int J Dermatol; 64(7):1173-1185. 
• Prens LM, et al. 2021. Hidradenitis suppurativa disease course during pregnancy and postpartum: a retrospective survey study. Br J Dermatol; 185(5):1072-1074. 
• Sakya SM, et al. 2022. Outcomes of pregnancy and childbirth in women with hidradenitis suppurativa. J Am Acad Dermatol; 86(1):61-67. 
• Seivright JR, et al. 2022. Impact of Pregnancy on Hidradenitis Suppurativa Disease Course: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Dermatology; 238(2):260-266. 
• Tzur Bitan D, et al. 2021. The association between hidradenitis suppurativa and male and female infertility: A population-based study. Australas J Dermatol; 62(2):e223-e227. 
• Vossen AR, et al. 2017. Menses and pregnancy affect symptoms in hidradenitis suppurativa: A cross-sectional study. J Am Acad Dermatol; 76(1):155-156.  
• Walsh DP. 2025. Pregnancy Outcomes in Hidradenitis Suppurativa Patients. AMIA Annu Symp Proc; 2024:1169-1175.