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MotherToBaby

Medications and More during pregnancy and breastfeeding

Diclofenac

Selected References:

  • Andersen JT, et al. 2016. Diclofenac/misoprostol during early pregnancy and the risk of miscarriage: a Danish nationwide cohort study. Arch Gynecol Obstet 294(2): 245-250.
  • Cassina M, et al. 2010. First trimester diclofenac exposure and pregnancy outcome. Reprod Toxicol 30:401-404.
  • Choi E-Y, et al. 2023. Neonatal and maternal adverse outcomes and exposure to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs during early pregnancy in South Korea: a nationwide cohort study. PLoS Med, 20(2):e1004183.
  • Dawood MY. 1993. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and reproduction. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 169(5):1255-1265.
  • Daniel S, et al. 2012. Major malformations following exposure to Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs during the first trimester of pregnancy. J Rheumatol 39(11): 2163-2169.
  • Daniel S, et al. 2014. Fetal exposure to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and spontaneous abortion. Can Med Assoc J 186(5):E177-E182.
  • Daniel S, et al. 2015. NSAIDs and spontaneous abortions – true effect or an indication bias? Br J Clin Pharmacol, 80(4):750-754.
  • Dathe K, et al. 2018. No evidence of adverse pregnancy outcome after exposure to ibuprofen in the first trimester—Evaluation of the national Embryotox cohort. Reproductive Toxicology, 79: 32-38.
  • Ericson A and Kallen BA. 2001. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in early pregnancy. Reprod Toxicol, 15:371-
  • Janssen NM and Genta MS. 2000. The effects of immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory medication on fertility, pregnancy, and lactation. Arch Intern Med, 160:610-619.
  • Nakhai-Pour HR, et al. 2011. Use of nonaspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs during pregnancy and the risk of spontaneous abortion. CMAJ. 183(15):1713-1720.
  • Nezvalova-Henriksen K et al. 2013. Effects of ibuprofen, diclofenac, naproxen, and piroxicam on the course of pregnancy and pregnancy outcome: a prospective study. BJOG, 120(8):948-959.
  • Nielsen GL, et al. 2001. Risk of adverse birth outcome and miscarriage in pregnant users of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: population based observational study and case-control study. BMJ, 322(7281):266-270.
  • Nielsen GL, et al. 2004. Danish group reanalyses miscarriage in NSAID users. BMJ, 328(7431):109.
  • Ofori B, et al. 2006. Risk of congenital anomalies in pregnant users of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: a nested case-control study. Birth Defects Res B Dev Reprod Toxicol 77:268-279.
  • Padberg S, et al. 2018. Safety of diclofenac use during early pregnancy: A prospective observational cohort study. Reprod Toxicol. 77:122-129.
  • Phadke V, et al. 2012. Maternal ingestion of diclofenac leading to renal failure in newborns. Pediatr Nephrol. 27(6):1033-1036.
  • S. Food and Drug Administration. 2020. FDA Warns that Using a Type of Pain and Fever Medication in Second Half of Pregnancy Could Lead to Complications.Available at: https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-warns-using-type-pain-and-fever-medication-second-half-pregnancy-could-lead-complications?utm_medium=email&utm_source=govdelivery Accessed 2 Dec 2024.
  • Scherneck S, et al. 2015. Reversible oligohydramnios in the second trimester of pregnancy in two patients with long-term diclofenac exposure. Reprod Toxicol. 58:61-64.

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