Selected References:  

• AbbVie Inc. 2023. Orlissa product label. Available at: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/fda/fdaDrugXsl.cfm?setid=a86757b3-09c5-fd3b-1223-244e94f50a66&type=display. Accessed 23 September 2025.  
• AbbVie Inc. 2023. Oriahnn product label. Available at: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/fda/fdaDrugXsl.cfm?setid=99f6eee7-7e52-6999-7eb8-488d06dd1710&type=display. Accessed 23 September 2025. 
• Archer DF, et al. 2019. Elagolix suppresses ovulation in a dose-dependent manner: results from a 3-month, randomized study in ovulatory women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 105(3): 821-832.  

Selected References: 

• Al-Aqeedi RF, et al. 2008. Drug-eluting stent implantation for acute myocardial infarction during pregnancy with use of glycoprotein IIb/IIa inhibitor, aspirin, and clopidogrel. J Invasive Cardiol. 20(5):e146-e149. 
• Arimura T, et al. 2009. Acute myocardial infarction associated with pregnancy successfully treated with percutaneous coronary intervention. Intern Med. 48(16):1383-1386. 
• Babic Z, et al. 2011. Successful primary percutaneous coronary intervention in the first trimester of pregnancy. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 77(4):522-555. 
• Balmain S, et al. 2007. Acute myocardial infarction during pregnancy successfully treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Int J Cardiol. 116(3):e85-e87.  
• Bauer MEB, et al. 2012. Peripartum management of dual antiplatelet therapy and neuraxial labor analgesia after bare metal stent insertion for acute myocardial infarction. Anesth Analg. 115(3):613-615. 
• Boztosun B, et al. 2008. Treatment of acute myocardial infarction in pregnancy with coronary artery ballon angioplasty and stenting: use of tirofiban and clopidogrel. It J Cardiol. 127(3):413-416. 
• De Santis M, et al. 2011. Clopidogrel treatment during pregnancy: a case report and a review of literature. Intern Med. 50(16):1769-1773. 
• Geveart S, Schaubroeck H. 2021. Original data on pregnancy and ACS. Int J Cardiol Congenit Heart Dis. 5, (Supp 1). 
• Klinzing P, et al. 2001. Case report: successful pregnancy and delivery after myocardial infarction and essential thrombocytopenia treated with clopidogrel. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol. 28(4):215-216. 
• Llinares Tello F, et al. 2007. [ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome during pregnancy: a case report and review of therapeutic options] (Article in Spanish). Med Intensiva. 31(1):29-35. 
• Martin M, et al. 2003. [Acute myocardial infarction during pregnancy. Treatment with clopidogrel] (Article in Spanish). Med Clin (Barc). 121(7):278-279. 
• Myers GR, et al. 2011. Clopidogrel use throughout pregnancy in a patient with a drug-eluting coronary stent. Obstet Gynecol. (2 Pt 2):432-433. 
• Nana M, et al. 2021. Antiplatelet therapy in pregnancy: A systematic review. Pharmacol Res. 168:105547.  
• Nallamothu BK, et al. 2005. Clinical problem solving. Double jeopardy. N Engl J Med. 353(1):75-80.  
• Narouze S, et al. 2018. Interventional spine and pain procedures in patients on antiplatelet and anticoagulant medications: guidelines from the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, the European Society of Regional Anaesthesia and Pain Therapy, the American Academy of Pain Medicine, the International Neuromodulation Society, the North American Neuromodulation Society, and the World Institute of Pain. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 43(3):225–262. 
• O’Shanahan N, et al. 2006. [Acute coronary syndrome without ST elevation during pregnancy].(Article in Spanish). Med Intensiva. 30(4):180-182.  
• Reilly CR, et al. 2014. Successful gestation and delivery using clopidogrel for secondary stroke prophylaxis: a case report and literature review. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 290(3):591-594. 
• Santiago-Diaz P, et al. 2009. [Platelet antiaggregants in pregnancy] (Article in Spanish). Rev Esp Cardiol. 62(10):1197-1198. 
• Sanofi-aventis US. 2022. Plavix prescribing information. Available at https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/fda/fdaDrugXsl.cfm?setid=de8b0b67-eb25-4684-83b5-7ad785314227&type=display#section-8.2. [Accessed April 2026]. 
• Shah P, et al. 2004. Spontaneous dissection of the left main coronary artery. Can J Cardiol. 20(8):815-818.  
• Van Neste M, et al. 2025. Clopidogrel transfer into human milk: case series – a contribution from the ConcePTION project. Front Pharmacol. 16:1499243.  

Selected References:

• American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. 2020. Prelabor Rupture of Membranes: ACOG Practice Bulletin, Number 217. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 135(3):e80-e97. 
• Baklouti S. et al. 2025. Population pharmacokinetic modelling of amoxicillin in human breast milk-a contribution from the ConcePTION project. Br J Clin Pharmacol, doi: 10.1002. Epub ahead of print. 
• Benyamini L, et al. 2005. The safety of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and cefuroxime during lactation. Ther Drug Monit; 27:499-502.  
• Berkovitch M, et al. 2004. First-trimester exposure to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid: a prospective controlled study. Br J Clin Pharmacol; 58:298-302. 
• Boissiere-O’Neill T, et al. 2025. Exposure to systemic antimicrobials during pregnancy and risk of miscarriage: a population-based registry study. BJOG; doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.18155. Epub ahead of print.  
• Campbell AC, et al. 1991. The excretion of amoxicillin in breastmilk and its effect on the suckling infant. Br J Clin Pharmacol; 31:230. 
• Czeizel AE, et al. 2001. Augmentin treatment during pregnancy and the prevalence of congenital abnormalities: a population-based case-control teratologic study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol; 97:188-192.  
• Daniel S, et al. 2019. The safety of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid use in the first trimester of pregnancy. Br J Clin Pharmacol; 85:2856-2863. 
• Grantham J, et al. 2002. Association between co-amoxiclav used antenatally with necrotising enterocolitis in the neonate. Am J Obstet Gynecol; 187:S90.  
• Jepsen P, et al. 2003. A population-based study of maternal use of amoxicillin and pregnancy outcome in Denmark. Br J Clin Pharmacol; 55:216-221.  
• Kafetzis D, et al. 1981. Passage of cephalosporins and amoxicillin into the breast milk. Acta Paediatr Scand; 70:285-288. 
• Kenyon SL, et al. 2001. ORACLE Collaborative Group. Broad-spectrum antibiotics for preterm, prelabour rupture of fetal membranes: the ORACLE I randomised trial. ORACLE Collaborative Group. Lancet; 357:979-988.  
• Kenyon SL, et al. 2001. ORACLE Collaborative Group. Broad-spectrum antibiotics for spontaneous preterm labour: the ORACLE II randomised trial. ORACLE Collaborative Group. Lancet; 357:989-994. 
• Kenyon S, et al. 2002. ORACLE–antibiotics for preterm prelabour rupture of the membranes: short-term and long-term outcomes. Acta Paediatr Suppl; 437:12-15. 
• Kenyon S, et al. 2008. Childhood outcomes after prescription of antibiotics to pregnant women with spontaneous preterm labour: 7-year follow-up of the ORACLE II trial. Lancet; 372 (9646):1319-1327.  
• Kenyon S, et al. 2013. Preterm Labour, Antibiotics and Cerebral Palsy. Scientific Impact Paper No.33, Royal College of Obstetrics and Gynaecologists. 
• Kwasneiwski M, et al. 2025. Identification and characterization of anaerobic bacteria in human semen: a retrospective study. Anaerobe, 94:102977.  
• Laspro M, et al. 2024. Association of commonly prescribed antepartum medications and incidence of orofacial clefting. Sage Journals, 62(7):1164-1174. 
• Lin KJ, et al. 2012. Maternal exposure to amoxicillin and the risk of oral clefts. Epidemiology; 23(5):699-705.  Marlow N, et al. 2017. The ORACLE Children Study:
• educational outcomes at 11 years of age following antenatal prescription of erythromycin or co-amoxiclav. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed; 102(2):F131-F135.  
• Meeraus WH, et al. 2015. Association between antibiotic prescribing in pregnancy and cerebral palsy or epilepsy in children born at term: a cohort study using the health improvement network. PLoS ONE; 10(3):e0122034.  
• Mercer BM, et al. 1997. Antibiotic therapy for reduction of infant morbidity after preterm premature rupture of the membranes. A randomized controlled trial. JAMA; 278:989-995.  
• Merkel TA, et al. 2014. Predicting disease severity of necrotizing enterocolitis: how to identify infants for future novel therapies. J Clin Neonatol; 3(1):1-9. 
• Morawiec E, et al. 2022. Semen dysbiosis-just a male problem? Front Cell Infect Microbiol; 12:815786.  
• Padberg, S. 2015. Anti-infective Agents. In C Schaefer, P Peters, R Miller (Eds.), Drugs During Pregnancy and Lactation: Treatment Options and Risk Assessment. Pg 116. London: Elsevier. 
• Puho EH, et al. 2007. Drug treatment during pregnancy and isolated orofacial clefts in Hungary. Cleft Palate Craniofac J; 44:194-202. 
• Trahan J, et al. 2025. Antibiotic regimens for the management of preterm prelabour rupture of membranes: a multicenter retrospective cohort study. J Obstet Gynaecol Can, 47(7):102922. 
• Tran A, et al. 2025. First-trimester exposure to macrolides and risk of major congenital malformations compared with amoxicillin: a French nationwide cohort study. PLoS Med, 22(4):e1004576. 

Selected References:

• Anderson CA, Lieser C. 2015. Prenatal depression: Early intervention. Nurse Pract; 40(7):38-46. 
• Bennett HA, et al. 2004. Depression during Pregnancy. Clin Drug Invest; 24 (3): 157-179. 
• Bennett HA, et al. 2004. Prevalence of Depression during Pregnancy: Systematic Review. Obstet Gynecol; 103: 698-709 
• Berard A, et al. 2017. Antidepressant use during pregnancy and the risk of major congenital malformation in a cohort of depressed pregnant women: an updated analysis of the Quebec Pregnancy Cohort. BMJ Open 7:e013372. 
• Björvang R, et al. 2024. Association of Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnancy and Perinatal Depression. Psychosomatic Medicine 86(1):52-58. 
• Bonari L et al. 2004. Perinatal Risks of Untreated Depression during Pregnancy. Can J Psychiatry; 49:726-735. Bränn E, et al. 2024 Perinatal depression and its health impact. BMJ; 384: p2777.
• Braverman A, et al. 2024. Depression, anxiety, quality of life, and infertility: A global lens on the last decade of research. Fertility and Sterility, 121(3), 379–383. 
• Burt VK & Stein K. 2002. Epidemiology of Depression throughout the female life cycle. J Clin Psych; 63 (suppl 7): 9-15. 
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2018. Depression Among Women of Reproductive Age: https://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/Depression/ Chisolm MS, Payne JL. 2016. Management of psychotropic drugs during pregnancy. BMJ; 532:h5918.
• Chan J, et al. 2014. Risks of untreated depression in pregnancy. Can Fam Physician. 60(3):242-3. 
• Coburn SS, et al. 2018. Prenatal Maternal Depressive Symptoms Predict Early Infant Health Concerns. Matern Child Health J; 22(6):786-793. 
• Cohen LS, et al. 2006. Relapse of Major Depression During Pregnancy in Women Who Maintain or Discontinue Antidepressant Treatment. JAMA; 295: 499-507. 
• Committee on Obstetric Practice. 2015. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Committee Opinion no. 630. Screening for perinatal depression. Obstet Gynecol; 125(5):1268-71. Dalke KB, et al. 2016. Depression and Anxiety during Pregnancy: Evaluating the Literature in Support of Clinical Risk-Benefit Decision-
• Making. Curr Psychiatry Rep; 18(6):59. 
• Depression in pregnant women and mothers: How children are affected, Paediatrics & Child Health, Volume 9, Issue 8, October 2004, Pages 584–586. 
• Dias CC, et al. 2015. Breastfeeding and Depression. A systematic review of the literature. J Affect Disord; 171:142-54. 
• Einarson A. 2005. The Safety of Psychotropic Drug Use during Pregnancy. Medscape General Medicine; 7 (4): 3. 
• Evans-Hoeker et al. 2018. Major depression, antidepressant use and male and female fertility. Fertility and Sterility Vol 109 Issue 5, pp 879-887. 
• Galbally M, et al. 2017. Neonatal adaption following intrauterine antidepressant exposure: assessment, drug assay levels, and infant development outcomes. Ped Res; 82(5): 806-813. 
• Gavin NI, et al. 2005. Perinatal Depression: A Systematic Review of Prevalence and Incidence. Obstet Gynecol; 106 (5 pt 1): 1071-83. 
• Glasser S, Lerner-Geva L. 2018. Focus on fathers: paternal depression in the perinatal period. Perspect Public Health. 2018 Jul 25:1757913918790597. doi: 10.1177/1757913918790597. [Epub ahead of print] Gustafsson HC, et al. 2018.
• Major depressive disorder during pregnancy: Psychiatric medications have minimal effects on the fetus and infant yet development is compromised. Dev Psychopathol. 2018 Aug;30(3):773-785. 
• Hagatulah N, et al. 2024. Perinatal depression and risk of mortality: nationwide, register based study in Sweden. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 384, e075462. 
• Hahn-Holbrook J, et al. 2013. Does Breastfeeding Offer Protection Against Maternal Depressive Symptomology? Arch Women’s Ment Health; 16:411-422. 
• Hermans A, et al. 2026. Prenatal maternal depression and child behavioural and developmental outcomes: An individual participant data meta-analysis in 76,514 children from the EU Child Cohort Network. The Lancet Regional Health – Europe, 63, Article 101595 
• Jablensky AV, et al. 2005. Pregnancy, Delivery, and Neonatal Complications in a Population Cohort of Women with Schizophrenia and Major Affective Disorders. Am J Psychiatry; 162: 79-91. 
• Jahan N, et al. 2021. Untreated Depression During Pregnancy and Its Effect on Pregnancy Outcomes: A Systematic Review. Cureus, 13(8), e17251.  
• Jiang W, et al. 2018. The relationship of dietary diversity score with depression and anxiety among prenatal and post-partum women. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. doi: 10.1111/jog.13728. [Epub ahead of print] 
• Kelly RH, et al. 2002. Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders as Risk factors for low birth weight and Preterm Delivery. Obstet Gynecol; 100 (2): 297-304. 
• Kurki T, et al. 2000. Depression and Anxiety in Early Pregnancy and Risk for Pre-eclampsia. Obstet Gynecol; 95 (4): 487-490. 
• Liu Y, et al. 2021. Postpartum depression and postpartum post-traumatic stress disorder: prevalence and associated factors. BMC Psychiatry; 21(1):487. 
• McLearn KT, et al. 2006. Maternal Depressive Symptoms at 2 to 4 Months Post-Partum and Early Parenting Practices. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med; 160: 279-284. 
• Mughal S, et al. Postpartum Depression. [Updated 2022 Oct 7]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519070/ 
• Muzik M, Hamilton SE. 2016. Use of Antidepressants during Pregnancy? What to consider when weighing treatment with Antidepressants against Untreated Depression. Matern Child Health J. 
• National Institute of Mental Health. Perinatal Depression. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health. Retrieved January 24, 2024, from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/perinatal-depression 
• Nillni YI, et al. 2016. Depression, anxiety, and psychotropic medication use and fecundability. Am J Obstet Gynecol.;215(4):453.e1-453.e4538. 
• Nillni YI, et al. 2022. The association between time-to-pregnancy and postpartum depressive symptoms in a North American prospective cohort study. Ann Epidemiol.;74:51-57. 
• Okun ML. 2016. Disturbed Sleep and Postpartum Depression. Curr Psychiatry Rep; 18(7):66. 
• Ogunyemi D, et al. 2018. The Contribution of Untreated and Treated Anxiety and Depression to Prenatal, Intrapartum, and Neonatal Outcomes. AJP Rep; 8(3):e146-e157. 
• Pan J, et al. 2025. Effects of sleep quality, anxiety, and depression on miscarriage among pregnant women: a multi-center prospective observational study. Transl Psychiatry 15, 131. 
• Pajulo M, et al. 2001. Antenatal Depression, Substance Dependency and Social Support. J Aff Disorders; 65:9-17. 
• Pao C, et al. 2019. Postpartum depression and social support in a racially and ethnically diverse population of women. Archives of women’s mental health, 22(1), 105–114. Rath K, & Mv S. 2025. Association Between Gestational
• Robertson E, et al. 2004. Antenatal Risk Factors for Postpartum Depression: A Synthesis of Recent Literature. Gen Hosp Psychiatry; 26 (4): 289-95. 
• Romero-Gonzalez B, et al. 2018. Newborn infants’ hair cortisol levels reflect chronic maternal stress during pregnancy. PLoS One; 13(7):e0200279. 
• Sanz EJ, et al. 2005. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors in Pregnant Women and Neonatal Withdrawal Syndrome: A Database Analysis. Lancet; 365: 482-487. 
• Stewart AL, Payne JL. 2023. Perinatal Depression: A Review and an Update. Psychiatr Clin North Am; 46(3):447-461. 
• Vigod SN, et al. 2016. Depression in pregnancy. BMJ; 352:i1547. 
• Vintzileos AM, et al. 2002. The Impact of Prenatal Care in the United States on Preterm Births in the Presence and Absence of Antenatal High-Risk Conditions. Am J Obstet Gynecol; 187: 1254-1257. 
• Wdowik A et al 2017. Impact of emotional disorders on semen quality in men treated for infertility. Neuro Endocrin Lett. Feb; 38(1):50-58. 
• Xu F, et al. 2014. Does Infant Feeding Method Impact on Maternal Mental Health? Breastfeeding Medicine; 9(4). 
• Zielińska M, et al. 2023. Dietary Nutrient Deficiencies and Risk of Depression (Review Article 2018-2023). Nutrients, 15(11), 2433.  

Selected References:

• Andersson NK, et al. 2021. Fetal safety of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine use during pregnancy: a nationwide cohort study. Rheumatology (Oxford). 14;60(5):2317-2326. 
• Bérard A, et al. 2021. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine use during pregnancy and the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes using real-world evidence. Front Pharmacol. 12:722511. 
• Berman A, et al. 2025. Hydroxychloroquine and pregnancy outcomes in patients with anti-phospholipid syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. RMD Open. 11(3):e005825.  
• Bermas BL, et al. 2018. Trends in use of hydroxychloroquine during pregnancy in systemic lupus erythematosus patients from 2001 to 2015. Lupus. 27(6):1012-1017.  
• Buchanan NM, et al. 1996. Hydroxychloroquine and lupus pregnancy: review of a series of 36 cases. Ann Rheum Dis. 55(7):486-488.  
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 2024. Malaria. Available at URL: https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/index.html [Accessed April 2026] 
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 2024. Treatment of Malaria: Guidelines for Clinicians (United States): Alternatives for Pregnant Women. Available at URL: https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/hcp/clinical-guidance/pregnant-women.html [Accessed April 2026] 
• Chambers CD, et al. 2022. Birth outcomes in women who have taken hydroxychloroquine during pregnancy: a prospective cohort study. Arthritis Rheumatol. 74(4):711-724.  
• Cimaz R, et al. 2004. Electroretinograms of children born to mothers treated with hydroxychloroquine during pregnancy and breast-feeding: comment on the article by Costedoat-Chalumeau et al. Arthritis Rheum. 50(9):3056-3057. 
• Clowse MEB, et al. 2006. Hydroxychloroquine in lupus pregnancy. Arthritis Rheum. 54(11):3640-3647.  
• Costedoat-Chalumeau N, et al. 2003. Safety of hydroxychloroquine in pregnant patients with connective tissue diseases: a study of one hundred thirty-three cases compared with a control group. Arthritis Rheum. 48(11):3207-3211. 
• Diav-Citrin O, et al. 2013. Pregnancy outcome following in utero exposure to hydroxychloroquine: a prospective comparative observational study. Reprod Toxicol. 39:58-62. 
• Feldkamp M, Carey JC. 1993. Clinical teratology counseling and consultation case report: low dose methotrexate exposure in the early weeks of pregnancy. Teratology. 47(6):533-539. 
• Flint J, et al. 2016. BSR and BHPR guideline on prescribing drugs in pregnancy and breastfeeding-Part I: standard and biologic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs and corticosteroids. Rheumatology (Oxford). 55(9):1693-1697.  
• Frassi M, et al. 2004. Hydroxychloroquine in pregnant patients with rheumatic disease: a case control observation of 76 treated pregnancies. Lupus 13(9):755. 
• Howley MM, et al. 2021. Maternal exposure to hydroxychloroquine and birth defects. Birth Defects Res 113(17):1245-1256. 
• Huybrechts KF, et al. 2021. Hydroxychloroquine early in pregnancy and risk of birth defects. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 224(3):290.e1-290.e22. 
• Ingster-Moati I,  Albuisson E. 2010. Visual neurophysiological dysfunction in infants exposed to hydroxychloroquine in utero. Acta Paediatr. 99(1):4; author reply 4-5. 
• Kaplan YC, et al. 2016. Reproductive outcomes following hydroxychloroquine use for autoimmune diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 81(5):835-848. 
• Kroese SJ, et al. 2017. Hydroxychloroquine use in lupus patients during pregnancy is associated with longer pregnancy duration in preterm births. J Immunol Res. 2017:2810202. Levy RA, et al. 2001. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in lupus
• pregnancy: double-blind and placebo-controlled study. Lupus. 10(6):401-404. 
• Mairesse R, et al. 2026. In utero exposure to medications and congenital eye anomalies. BMJ Open Ophthalmol. 11(1):e002049. Available: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12778234/pdf/bmjophth-11-1.pdf [Accessed April 2026] 
• Mirzaei M, et al. 2023. The effects of hydroxychloroquine on pregnancy outcomes in infertile women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Med Life. 16(2):189-194. 
• Mouyis M, et al. 2019. Safety of anti-rheumatic drugs in men trying to conceive: a systematic review and analysis of published evidence. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 48(5): 911-920. 
• National Institutes of Health. 2021. Product label: hydroxychloroquine sulfate tablet. Available at URL: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=84b00366-96ef-41e1-bac6-5d24acdb9e1d. [Accessed April 2026] 
• Rüegg L, et al. 2025. EULAR recommendations for use of antirheumatic drugs in reproduction, pregnancy, and lactation: 2024 update. Ann Rheum Dis. 84(6):910-926.  
• Sammaritano LR, et al. 2020 American College of Rheumatology Guideline for the Management of Reproductive Health in Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases. Arthritis Rheumatol. 72(4):529-556.  
• Silver R, et al. 2023. Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Consult Series #64: Systemic lupus erythematosus in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 228(3):B41-B60. 
• Sperber K, et al. 2009. Systematic review of hydroxychloroquine use in pregnant patients with autoimmune diseases. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J. 13:7:9. 
• Tian Y, et al. 2021. The additional use of hydroxychloroquine can improve the live birth rate in pregnant women with persistent positive antiphospholipid antibodies: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod. 50(8):102121.  
• Ye S, et al. 2023. The use of hydroxychloroquine in pregnancy and its effect on perinatal outcomes in a population with autoimmune abnormalities. Clin Rheumatol. 42(4):1137-1150.  
• Zhu Q, et al. 2024. Effect of hydroxychloroquine on pregnancy outcome in patients with SLE: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lupus Sci Med. 11(2):e001239.