Selected References:

• Flurazepam Drug Label. 2023. https://www.drugs.com/pro/flurazepam.html
• Gentile, S. 2015. Pharmacological management of borderline personality disorder in a pregnant woman with a previous history of alcohol addiction: a case report. Clin Drug Investig, 35(11):761-763.
• Kelly LE, et al. 2012. Neonatal benzodiazepines exposure during breastfeeding. J Pediatr, 161:448-451.

Selected References:

• Athinarayanan P, et al. 1976. Chlordizaepoxide withdrawal in the neonate. Am J Obstet Gynecol 124:212-3.
• Brunaud M, et al. 1970. Pharmacological, toxicological, and teratological studies on dipotassium-7-chloro-3-carboxy-1, 3-dihydro-2, 2-dihydroxy-5-phenyl-2H-1, 4-benzodiazepine-cloraz-epate (dipotassium chlorazepate, 4306 CB), a new tranquilizer. Arzneim Forsch 20:123-5.
• Cole AP, Hailey DM: Diazepam and active metabolites in breast milk and their transfer to the neonate. Arch Dis Child 50:741, 1975.
• Corwin H, DeMyer W. 1980. Failure of chlorazepate to cause malformations or fetal wastage in the rat. Arch Neurol 37:347-9.
• Rey E, et al. 1979. Pharmacokinetics of the placental transfer and distribution of clorazepate and its metabolite nordiazepam into the feto-placental unit and in the neonate. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 15:181-5.
• Wesson DR, et al. 1975. Diazepam and desmethyldiazepam in breast milk. J Psychoactive Drugs 17:55-6.

Selected References:

• ACOG Committee Opinion 90: Asthma in Pregnancy, December 2008
• Baker ER,Flanagan MF. 1997. Fetal atrial flutter associated with maternal beta-sympathomimetic drug exposure. Obstet Gynecol 89:861.
• Freysz H, et al. 1977. A long term evaluation of infants who received a beta-mimetic drug while in utero. J Perinat Med 5:94-99.
• Howley MM, et al. (2020). Asthma medication use and risk of birth defects: National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997-2011. J Allergy Clin Immunol 8(10):3490-3499.
• Kirkland SW, et al. 2017. Combined inhaled beta-agonist and anticholinergic agents for emergency management in adults with asthma. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 1(1):CD001284.
• Kallen B, Otterblad Olausson P. 2007 Use of anti-asthmatic drugs during pregnancy. 3. Congenital malformations in the infants. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 63(4):383-388.
• Lin S, et al. 2012. National Birth Defects Prevention Study. Maternal asthma medication use and the risk of selected birth defects. Pediatrics 129 (2):e317-324.
• Munsie JPW, et al. 2011. Maternal bronchodilator use and the risk of orofacial clefts. Hum Reprod 26(11):3147-3154.
• National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Working Group. 2004. Report on managing asthma during pregnancy: Recommendations for pharmacologic treatment. Update 2004. NIH publication NO.05-5236. Bethesda, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services; National Institutes of Health; National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute.
• Rayburn WF, et al. 1994. Short-term effects of inhaled albuterol on maternal and fetal circulations. Am J Obstet Gynecol 171:770-773.
• Sottas CE, et al. 2016. Salbutamol has rapid onset pharmacodynamics as a bronchodilator. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 60(9):1328-31.
• Schatz M, et al. 1998. The safety of inhaled (beta)- agonist bronchodilators during pregnancy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 82:686-695.
• Van Zutphen AR, et al. 2015. Maternal asthma medication use during pregnancy and risk of congenital heart defects. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol 103(11):951-61.

Selected References

• Agache I, et al. 2020. Efficacy and safety of treatment with biologicals (benralizumab, dupilumab, mepolizumab, omalizumab and reslizumab) for severe eosinophilic asthma. A systematic review for the EAACI Guidelines – recommendations on the use of biologicals in severe asthma. Allergy. 75(5):1023-1042.
• Manetz S, et al. 2020. Successful pregnancy in setting of eosinophil depletion by benralizumab. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. S2213-2198(20)31335-0.
• Middleton PG, et al. 2020. ERS/TSANZ Task Force Statement on the management of reproduction and pregnancy in women with airways diseases. Eur Respir J. 55:1901208.
• National Center for Biotechnology Information. “PubChem Compound Summary for , Benralizumab” PubChem, Accessed 7 Oct 2024.
• S. Food and Drug Administration. 2024. Fasenra® Prescribing Information. Available online at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/761070s000lbl.pdf. Accessed on 9 Dec 2024.

Selected References:

• Anh, N., et al. 2020. Ginger on Human Health: A Comprehensive Systematic Review of 109 randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients. 6:12(1):157. 
• Briggs GG, Freeman RK. 2014. The reference guide to fetal and neonatal risk: Drugs in pregnancy and lactation. Wolters Kluwer, PA: Wolters Kluwer Health.  
• Choi JS, et al. 2015. Assessment of fetal and neonatal outcomes in the offspring of women who had been treated with dried ginger (Zingiberis rhizome siccus) for a variety of illnesses during pregnancy. J Obstet Gynaecol. 35(2): 125-130.  
• Fischer-Rasmussen, et al. 1991. Ginger treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology 38(1):19-24. 
• Heitmann K, et al. 2013. Safety of ginger use in pregnancy: results from a large population-based cohort study. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 69(2):269-77. 
• Laekeman GM, et al. 2021 Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Root Extract During Pregnancy: A Clinical Feasibility Study. Planta Med. 87(10-11):907-912. 
• Matthews, A, et al. 2014. Interventions for nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 3. 
• McLay JS, et al. 2017. Pregnancy, prescription medicines and the potential risk for herb-drug interactions: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Complement Altern Med 17(1):543. 
• Shalaby MA and Hamowieh AR. 2010. Safety and efficacy of Zingiber officinale roots on fertility of male diabetic rats. Food Chem Toxicol. 48(10):2920-4.  
• Tiani K, et al. 2024. The Use of Ginger Bioactive Compounds in Pregnancy: An Evidence Scan and Umbrella Review of Existing Meta-Analyses. Advances in Nutrition, 15(11), 100308 
• Tiran D. 2012. Ginger to reduce nausea and vomiting during pregnancy: evidence of effectiveness is not the same as proof of safety. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2012 Feb;18(1):22-5.  
• Viljoen, E., et. al. 2014. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect and safety of ginger in the treatment of pregnancy-associated nausea and vomiting. Nutr J. 13(20):1-14. 
• Weidner, M. S., and Sigwart, K. 2000. Investigation of the teratogenic potential of a Zingiber officinale extract in the rat. Reproductive Toxicology, 15(1):75-80.