Selected References:
- ACOG Committee Opinion 90: Asthma in Pregnancy, December 2008
- Baker ER,Flanagan MF. 1997. Fetal atrial flutter associated with maternal beta-sympathomimetic drug exposure. Obstet Gynecol 89:861.
- Freysz H, et al. 1977. A long term evaluation of infants who received a beta-mimetic drug while in utero. J Perinat Med 5:94-99.
- Howley MM, et al. (2020). Asthma medication use and risk of birth defects: National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997-2011. J Allergy Clin Immunol 8(10):3490-3499.
- Kirkland SW, et al. 2017. Combined inhaled beta-agonist and anticholinergic agents for emergency management in adults with asthma. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 1(1):CD001284.
- Kallen B, Otterblad Olausson P. 2007 Use of anti-asthmatic drugs during pregnancy. 3. Congenital malformations in the infants. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 63(4):383-388.
- Lin S, et al. 2012. National Birth Defects Prevention Study. Maternal asthma medication use and the risk of selected birth defects. Pediatrics 129 (2):e317-324.
- Munsie JPW, et al. 2011. Maternal bronchodilator use and the risk of orofacial clefts. Hum Reprod 26(11):3147-3154.
- National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Working Group. 2004. Report on managing asthma during pregnancy: Recommendations for pharmacologic treatment. Update 2004. NIH publication NO.05-5236. Bethesda, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services; National Institutes of Health; National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute.
- Rayburn WF, et al. 1994. Short-term effects of inhaled albuterol on maternal and fetal circulations. Am J Obstet Gynecol 171:770-773.
- Sottas CE, et al. 2016. Salbutamol has rapid onset pharmacodynamics as a bronchodilator. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 60(9):1328-31.
- Schatz M, et al. 1998. The safety of inhaled (beta)- agonist bronchodilators during pregnancy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 82:686-695.
- Van Zutphen AR, et al. 2015. Maternal asthma medication use during pregnancy and risk of congenital heart defects. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol 103(11):951-61.
