MotherToBaby

Medications and More during pregnancy and breastfeeding

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Hydrocodone

Selected References

  • Anderson PO et al, 2007 Hydrocodone excretion into breast milk: the first two reported cases. Breastfeeding Medicine 2(1):10-14.
  • Azuine RE et al, 2019. Prenatal risk factors and perinatal and postnatal outcomes associated with maternal opioid exposure in an urban, low-income, multiethnic US population. JAMA network open, 2(6); e196405-196405.
  • Broussard CS et al, 2011. Maternal treatment with opioid analgesics and risk for birth defects. Am J Obstet Gynecol 204(4):314.e1-11.
  • Desai RJ et al, 2015. Exposure to prescription opioid analgesics in utero and risk of neonatal abstinence syndrome: population based cohort study. BMJ 350:h2012.
  • Fishman B et al, 2019. Pregnancy outcome following opioid exposure: A cohort study. PloS one, 14(7).
  • Fronczak CM et al, 2012. The insults of illicit drug use on male fertility. Journal of andrology, 33(4): 515-528.
  • Heinonen OP et al, 1977. Birth Defects and Drugs in Pregnancy. Littleton, MA: Publishing Sciences Group.
  • Hsieh A, 2018. Management Strategies in Opioid Abuse and Sexual Dysfunction: A Review of Opioid-Induced Androgen Deficiency. Sexual medicine reviews, 6(4): 618-623.
  • Kellogg A et al, 2011. Current trends in narcotic use in pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 204(3):259.e1-4.
  • Lind JN et al, 2017. Maternal use of opioids during pregnancy and congenital malformations: a systematic review. Pediatrics, 139(6), e20164131.
  • Patrick SW et al, 2015. Prescription opioid epidemic and infant outcomes. Pediatrics 135(5):842-850.
  • Reece-Stremtan S et al, 2017. ABM Clinical Protocol #15: Analgesia and Anesthesia for the Breastfeeding Mother, Revised 2017. Breastfeeding Medicine 12(9).
  • Rosa F, personal communication, FDA, 1993. Cited in: Briggs GG et al. Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation Online, Hudson, Ohio: Wolters Kluwer Clinical Drug Information, Inc. Nov 15, 2017.
  • Sauberan JB et al, 2011. Breast milk hydrocodone and hydromorphone levels in mothers using hydrocodone for postpartum pain. Obst Gynecol 117(3):611-617.
  • Schick B et al, 1996. Preliminary analysis of first trimester exposure to oxycodone and hydrocodone. Reprod Toxicol 10:162.
  • Semet M et al, 2017. The impact of drugs on male fertility: a review. Andrology, 5(4), 640-663.
  • Shirel T et al, 2016. Maternal opioid dose is associated with neonatal abstinence syndrome in children born to women with sickle cell disease. Am J Hematology 91(4):416-416.
  • Smith MV et al, 2015. Clinical correlates of prescription opioid analgesic use in pregnancy. Matern Child Health J 19(3):548-556.
  • Sujan AC et al, 2019. Maternal prescribed opioid analgesic use during pregnancy and associations with adverse birth outcomes: A population-based study. PLoS Medicine, 16(12).