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MotherToBaby

Medications and More during pregnancy and breastfeeding

Lidocaine

Selected References:

  • Abboud TK, et al. 1983. Lack of adverse neonatal neurobehavioral effects of lidocaine. Anesth Analg; 62:473-475.  
  • Abboud TK, et al. 1984. Continuous infusion epidural analgesia in parturients receiving bupivacaine, chloroprocaine, or lidocaine – maternal, fetal, and neonatal effects. Anesth Analg; 63:421-428.  
  • Actavis Pharma, Inc. 2019. Lidocaine and Prilocaine Cream Drug Label. Available at: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=1972d657-2d5a-4697-bba9-80caffc2f2d7. Accessed 29 July 2025.   
  • Baradari AG, et al. 2017. Bolus administration of intravenous lidocaine reduces pain after an elective caesarean section: Findings from a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Obstet Gynaecol. 37(5):566-570.  
  • da Cunha YGM et al. 2025. The Use of Different Local Anesthetics in Pregnant Women in Dentistry: A Systematic Review. Curr Rev Clin Exp Pharmacol. Apr 21. doi: 10.2174/0127724328349965250407082245. Online ahead of print. 
  • Demeulemeester V, et al. 2018. Transplacental lidocaine intoxication. J Neonatal-Perinatal Med; 11:439-441. 
  • Dryden RM, Lo MW. 2000. Breast milk lidocaine levels in tumescent liposuction. Plast Reconstr Surg; 105:2267-2268. 
  • Favero V, et al. 2021. Pregnancy and Dentistry: A Literature Review on Risk Management during Dental Surgical Procedures. Dent J (Basel). 9(4):46. 
  • Fujinaga M, Mazze RI. 1986. Reproductive and teratogenic effects of lidocaine in Sprague-Dawley rats. Anesthesiology. 65:626-632. 
  • Heinonen OP. et al. 1977. Birth Defects and Drugs in Pregnancy. Publishing Sci Group, Littleton, MA. 
  • Kuhnert BR, et al. 1984. Effects of maternal epidural anesthesia on neonatal behavior. Anesth Analg; 63:301-308. 
  • Kuhnert BR, et al. 1986. Lidocaine disposition in mother, fetus, and neonate after spinal anesthesia. Anesth Analg 65:139-144. 
  • Lebedevs TH, et al. 1993. Excretion of lignocaine and its metabolite monoethylglycinexylidide in breast milk following its use in a dental procedure. A case report. J Clin Periodontol 20: 606-608.  
  • Li JE, et al. 2019. Cutaneous Surgery in Patients Who Are Pregnant or Breastfeeding. Dermatol Clin. 37(3):307-317.  Murzaku EC, et al. 2021. Surgical management and practices in pregnancy and lactation: A survey of United States dermatologic surgeons. J Am Acad Dermatol. 84(4):1134-1136.
  • Ortega D, et al. 1999. Excretion of lidocaine and bupivacaine in breast milk following epidural anesthesia for cesarean delivery. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand; 43:394-397. 
  • Silveira MPT, et al. 2020. Breastfeeding and risk classification of medications used during hospitalization for delivery: 2015 Pelotas Birth Cohort. Rev Bras Epidemiol. 23:e200026. 
  • Watson PD, Ott MA. 1982. Lidocaine and mepivacaine in cord blood. Ped Pharm; 2:341-348. 
  • Wikland, M., Evers, H., Jakobsson, A.-H., Sandqvist, U., & Sjöblom, P. (1990). The concentration of lidocaine in follicular fluid when used for paracervical block in a human IVF-ET programme. Human Reproduction, 5(8), 920–923 
  • Zeisler JA, et al. 1986. Lidocaine excretion in breast milk. Drug Intell Clin Pharm; 20:691-693. 

 

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