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- Bhatt-Mehta V, Deluga KS. 1993. Fetal exposure to lisinopril: neonatal manifestations and management. Pharmacotherapy, 13(5): 515-518.
- Burrows RF, Burrows EA. 1998. Assessing the teratogenic potential of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in pregnancy. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol, 38(3):306-311.
- Cooper WO, et al. 2006. Major congenital malformations after first-trimester exposure to ACE inhibitors. N Engl J Med, 354(23): 2443-2451.
- Diav-Citrin O, et al. 2011. Pregnancy outcome after in utero exposure to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers. Reprod Toxicol, 31(4):540-545.
- Filler G, et al. 2003. Early dialysis in a neonate with intrauterine lisinopril exposure. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed, 88(2):F154-156.
- Friedman JM. 2006. ACE inhibitors and congenital anomalies. N Engl J Med, 354:2498-2500.
- Karthikeyan VJ, et al. 2011. Are angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers safe in pregnancy: a report of ninety-one pregnancies. J Hypertens, 29(2):396-399.
- Lennestal R, et al. 2009. Maternal use of antihypertensive drugs in early pregnancy and delivery outcome, notably the presence of congenital heart defects in the infants. Eur J Clin Pharmacol, 65(6):615-625.
- Lip GYH, et al. 1997. Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors in early pregnancy. Lancet, 350:1446-1447.
- Merck Sharp and Dohme Corp. 2018. Prinivil product label.
- Moretti ME, et al. 2012. The fetal safety of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers. Obstet Gynecol Int.
- National Collaborating Centre for Women’s and Children’s Health (UK). 2011. Hypertension in Pregnancy. Appendix O. Safety of commonly used antihypertensive drugs during breastfeeding. NICE Clinical Guidelines, No. 107. London: RCOG Press.
- Polifka JE. 2012. Is there an embryopathy associated with first-trimester exposure to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor antagonists? A critical review of the evidence. Birth Defects Res (Part A), 94:576-598.
- Pryde PG, et al. 1993. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor fetopathy. J Am Soc Nephrol, 3:1575-1582.
- Rosa F, Bosco L. 1991. Infant renal failure with maternal ACE inhibition. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 161(1 Part 2):273 (abstract).
- Tomlinson AJ, et al. 2000. Malignant primary hypertension in pregnancy treated with lisinopril. Ann Pharmacother, 34(2):180-182.
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 1992. Upgraded warning on the use of ACE inhibitors during pregnancy.
- Yip SK, et al.1998. Exposure to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors during first trimester: is it safe to fetus? Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand, 77:570-571.
