Selected References:
- American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). 2022/Apr. Preeclampsia and High Blood Pressure during Pregnancy. https://www.acog.org/womens-health/faqs/preeclampsia-and-high-blood-pressure-during-pregnancy
- Anderson PO, et al 2020. Drug treatment of Raynaud’s phenomenon of the nipple. Breastfeed Med 15:686-8.
- Benoff S, et al. 1994. The effect of calcium ion channel blockers on sperm fertilization potential. Fertil Steril 62:606-17.
- Bortolus R, et al. 2000. Nifedipine administered in pregnancy: Effect on the development of children at 18 months. BJOG 107:792-794.
- Davis RL, et al 2011. Risks of congenital malformations and perinatal events among infants exposed to calcium channel and beta-blockers during pregnancy. Pharmocoepidemiol Drug Saf 20:13-145.
- Dublin S, et al. 2022. Maternal and neonatal outcomes of antihypertensive treatment in pregnancy: a retrospective cohort study. PLoS One 17(5):e0268284
- George R, et. 2022. Comparative efficacy and safety of oral nifedipine with other antihypertensive medications in the management of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Hypertens 40(10):1876-1886.
- Houtzager BA, et al. 2006. Long-term follow up of children exposed in utero to nifedipine or ritodrine for the management of preterm labour. BJOG. 2006 Mar; 113(3):324-31.
- Magee LA, et al. 1996. The safety of calcium channel blockers in human pregnancy: A prospective, multicenter cohort study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 174:823-828.
- Malfará BN, et al. 2019. ABCG2 c.421C>A polymorphism alters nifedipine transport to breast milk in hypertensive breastfeeding women. Reprod Toxicol 85:1-5.
- Penny WJ, Lewis MJ. 1989. Nifedipine is excreted in human milk. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 36(4):427-8.
- Tabacova SA, et al. 2002. Developmental abnormalities reported to FDA in association with nifedipine treatment in pregnancy. Teratology; 65:368.
- Taddio A, et al 1996. Is nifedipine use during labor and breast-feeding safe for the neonate? Clin Investig Med 19:S11. Abstract.
- Weber-Schoendorfer C, et al. 2008. The safety of calcium channel blockers during pregnancy: a prospective, multicenter, observational study. Reprod Toxicol 26(1): 24-30.
- Wu M, et al 2012. Raynaud’s phenomenon of the nipple. Obstet Gynecol. 119(2 Pt 2):447-9.
