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Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes

Selected References:

  • Achong N, et al. 2018. The physiological and glycaemic changes in breastfeeding women with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 135:93-101.
  • American Diabetes Association Diabetes Care. 2021. 44 (Supplement 1) S200-S210; DOI: 10.2337/dc21-S014.
  • Bhattacharyya A, et al. 2001. Insulin lispro and regular insulin in pregnancy. QJM. 94(5):255-260.
  • Boinpally T and Jovanovic L. 2009. Management of Type 2 Diabetes and Gestational Diabetes in Pregnancy. Mount Sinai Journal of medicine. 76: 269-280.
  • Bytoft B, et al. 2016. Long-term Cognitive Implications of Intrauterine Hyperglycemia in Adolescent Offspring of People With Type 1 Diabetes (the EPICOM Study). Diabetes Care. 39:1356.
  • Brydon P, et al. 2000. Pregnancy outcome in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus needs to be addressed. International Journal of Clinical Practice. 54(7):418-419.
  • Coetzee EJ and Levitt NS. 2000. Maternal diabetes and neonatal outcome. Seminars in Neonatology. 5(3):221-229.
  • Cyganek K, et al. 2017. Risk of macrosomia remains glucose-dependent in a cohort of people with pregestational type 1 diabetes and good glycemic control. Endocrine. 55(2):447-455.
  • Durnwold, C. (2021). Patient education: Care during pregnancy for people with type 1 or 2 diabetes (Beyond the Basics). UpToDate.
  • ElSayed NA, et al, on behalf of the American Diabetes Association. 2023. Management of Diabetes in Pregnancy: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2023. Diabetes Care. 46 (Suppl 1):S254-S266.
  • Glatstein MM, et al. 2009. Use of hypoglycemic drugs during lactation. Canadian Family Physician. 55: 371-373.
  • Hadden DR and McCance DR. 1999. Advances in management of type 1 diabetes and pregnancy. Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 11(6):557-562.
  • Hagay Z & Reece EA. 1992. Diabetes mellitus in pregnancy and periconceptional genetic counseling. American Journal of Perinatology. 9(2):87-93.
  • Jaffar F, et al. 2022.Type 1 Diabetes in Pregnancy: A Review of Complications and Management. Curr Diabetes Rev. 18(7):e051121197761.
  • Jangir RN, Jain GC. 2014. Diabetes mellitus induced impairment of male reproductive
  • functions: a review. Curr Diabetes Rev. 10(3):147-57.
  • Jovanovic L. 1999. Role of diet and insulin treatment of diabetes in pregnancy. Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 43(1):46-55.
  • Jovanovic L, et al. 2015. Trends in the incidence of diabetes, its clinical sequelae, and associated costs in pregnancy. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 31(7):707-16.
  • Kitzmiller JL, et al: 2010. Preconception care for people with diabetes and prevention of major congenital malformations. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 88(10):791-803.
  • La Vignera S, et al. 2015. Reproductive function in male patients w/ type 1 diabetes mellitus. Andrology. 3(6):1082-7.
  • Landon MB. 2000. Obstetric management of pregnancies complicated by diabetes mellitus. Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 43(1):65-74.
  • Mank E, et al. 2021. Insulin concentration in human milk in the first ten days postpartum: Course and associated factors. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 73:e115–e119.
  • Nasri HZ et al. 2018. Malformations among infants of mothers with insulin-dependent diabetes: Is there a recognizable pattern of abnormalities? Birth Defects Res. 110(2):108-113.
  • Owens LA, et al. 2015. Comparing type 1 and type 2 diabetes in pregnancy- similar conditions or is a separate approach required? BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 15:69.
  • Oyen N, et al. 2016. Prepregnancy Diabetes and Offspring Risk of Congenital Heart Disease: A Nationwide Cohort Study. Circulation. 133(23):2243-53.
  • Pectasides M and Kalva S. 2011. Diabetes Revealed: Multisystem Danger. American Journal of Roentgenology. 196: 274-286.
  • Reece EA and Homko CJ. 2000. Why do diabetic people deliver malformed infants? Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 43(1):32-45.
  • Ringholm L, et al. 2019. Improving pregnancy outcomes in women with diabetes mellitus: modern management. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 15(7):406-416.
  • Ringholm L, et al. 2020. Diabetes Management During Breastfeeding in People with Type 1 Diabetes. Current diabetes reports, 20(8), 34.
  • Rizzo TA, et al. 1995. Prenatal and perinatal influences on long-term psychomotor development in offspring of diabetic mothers. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 173:1753.
  • Seah JM, et al. 2021 Risk factors for pregnancy outcomes in Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. Intern Med J. 51(1):78-86.
  • Sells CJ, et al. 1994. Long-term developmental follow-up of infants of diabetic mothers. J Pediatr. 125:S9.
  • Temple R and Murphy H. 2010. Type 2 diabetes in pregnancy-An increasing problem. Best Practice and Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 24: 591-603.
  • Yanit KE et al 2012. The impact of chronic hypertension and pregestational diabetes on pregnancy outcomes. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 207(4):333.e1-6.