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MotherToBaby

Medications and More during pregnancy and breastfeeding

Staphylococcus Aureus (Staph Infection)

Selected References:

  • Amir LH, et al. 2006. A case-control study of mastitis: nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus. BMC Family Practice; 7:57.  
  • Behari P, et al. 2004. Transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus to preterm infants through breast milk. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol; 25(9):778-780.  
  • Briggs G. 2005. Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation, a reference guide to fetal and neonatal risk. 7th Ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Williams.  
  • De Rose, et al. 2023. Staphylococcal infections and neonatal skin: data from literature and suggestions for the clinical management from four challenging patients. Antibiotics; 12(4):632. 
  • Elston DM. 2007. Community acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Am Acad Dermatol; 56(1):1-16.  
  • Farsimadan M, Motamedifar M. 2020. Bacterial infection of the male reproductive system causing infertility. J Reprod Immunol; 142:103183.  
  • Frank A, et al. 1999. Community-acquired and clindamycin-susceptible methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in children. Ped Inf Dis J; 18:993-1000.  
  • Gastelum DT, et al. 2005. Transmission of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from breast milk in the neonatal intensive care unit. Pediatr Infect Dis J; 24(12):1122-1124. 2  
  • Goto H, et al. 2003. Susceptibilities of bacteria isolated from patients with lower respiratory infectious diseases to antibiotics. Jpn J Antibiot. 58(3):326-58.  
  • Inukai K, et al. 2025. Infective endocarditis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis in the infant of a mother with diabetes: a case report. Tokai J Exp Clin Med; 50(1): 21-24. 
  • Kawada M, et al. 2003. Transmission of Staphylococcus aureus between healthy, lactating mothers and their infants by breastfeeding. J Hum Lact; 19(4):411- 417.  
  • Kriebs JM. 2016. Staphylococcus Infections in Pregnancy: Maternal and Neonatal Risks. J Perinat Neonatal Nurs; 30(2):115-23. 
  • Laibl V, et al. 2005. Clinical Presentation of Community-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol; 106 (3):461- 5.  
  • Leshem E et al. 2012. Transmission of Staphylococcus aureus from mothers to newborns. Pediatr Infect Dis J; 31(4):360-3.  
  • Lazenby GB, et al. 2012. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization among women admitted for preterm delivery. Am J Obstet Gynecol; 206(4):329.e1-5. 
  • Maglio D, et al. 2005. Simulation of antibiotic pharmacodynamic exposure for the empiric treatment of nosocomial bloodstream infections: a report from the OPTAMA program. Clin Ther; 27(7):1032-42.  
  • Piva S, Mariella J, et al 2021. Epidemiologic case investigation on the zoonotic transmission of Staphylococcus aureus infection from goat to veterinarians. Zoonoses Public Health; 68(6):684-690. 
  • Price M, et al. 1998. Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a dermatology outpatient population. South Med J; 91:369-71.  
  • Salmanov AG, et al. 2021. Bacterial infection causes of pregnancy loss and premature birth in the women in Ukraine. Wiad Lek; 74(6):1355-1359.  
  • Saravolatz L, et al. 1982. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: epidemiologic observations during a community-acquired outbreak. Ann Intern Med; 96:11-16.  
  • Sheffield JS. 2013. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in obstetrics. Am J Perinatol; 30(2):125-9. 
  • The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 2024. About Staph food poisoning. https://www.cdc.gov/staph-food-poisoning/about/index.html [Accessed 4/2026]. 
  • The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 2026. Preventing Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): Prevent MRSA in higher risk settings. https://www.cdc.gov/mrsa/prevention/index.html#cdc_prevention_when_traveling-prevent-mrsa-in-higher-risk-settings [Accessed 4/2026]. 
  • The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 2024. Strategies to prevent hospital-onset Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections in acute care facilities. https://www.cdc.gov/staphylococcus-aureus/hcp/prevent-in-acute-care-facilities/index.html [Accessed 4/2026]. 
  • Tong SY, et al. 2015. Staphylococcus aureus infections: epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management. Clin Microbiol Rev; 28(3):603-61.  
  • Younger Meek, American Academy of Pediatrics, et al. 2022. Policy Statement: Breastfeeding and the Use of Human Milk. Pediatrics; 150(1):e2022057988. 

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