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Lice and Scabies

April 1, 2025

Selected References  

  • Bernigaud C, et al. 2020. The Management of Scabies in the 21 st Century: Past, Advances and Potentials. Acta dermato-venereologica, 100. 
  • Bowden VR. 2012. Losing the louse: how to manage this common infestation in children. Pediatr Nurs, 38(5):253- 254, 277.  
  • Chan R & Hoyt-Austin AE. 2024. Scabies Infection While Expressing Human Milk for Critically Ill Infants: Is It Safe?. Breastfeeding medicine: the official journal of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine, 19(4):306–308. 
  • Cole SW, et al. 2011. Spinosad for treatment of head lice infestation. Pharmacother 45.7-8: 954-959.Clin Infect Dis. (2002) 35 (Supplement 2): S146-S151.  
  • Dzierzawski A. 1977. Embryo-toxicity studies of lindane in the golden hamster, rat and rabbit. Bull Vet Inst Pulawy, 21:85-93.  
  • Gunning K, et al. 2019. Lice and Scabies: Treatment Update. Am Fam Physician, 99(10):635-642.  
  • Gupta P. 1990. Teratogenic effects of cypermethrin in rats. J Environ Biol, 11(2):121-126.  
  • Hale, T. 2006. Medications and Mothers’ Milk. Amarillo, TX: Hale Publishing.  
  • Kennedy D, et al. 2005. Pregnancy outcome following exposure to permethrin and use of teratogen information. Am J Perinatol, 22(2):87-90.  
  • Khera K, et al. 1982. Teratogenicity study on pyrethrum and rotenone (natural origin) in pregnant rats. J Toxicol Environ Health, 10:111-119.  
  • Khera K, et al. 1978 Teratogenicity studies on linuron, malathion, and methoxychlor in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 45:435-444.  
  • Leachman SA, et al. 2006. The use of dermatologic drugs in pregnancy and lactation. Derm clin, 24.2:167-197. 
  • Miyamoto J. 1976 Degradation, metabolism and toxicity of synthetic pyrethroids. Environ Health Criter, 14:15-28.  
  • Morand A, et al. 2024. Management of scabies in children under 15 kg and pregnant or breastfeeding women: recommendations supported by the Centre of Evidence of the French Society of Dermatology. The British journal of dermatology, 191(6):1014–1016. 
  • Murase JE, et al. 2014. Safety of dermatologic medications in pregnancy and lactation: Part I. Pregnancy. J Amer Aca of Derm, 70:401-e1. 
  • Mytton OT, et al. 2007. Safety of benzyl benzoate lotion and permethrin in pregnancy: a retrospective matched cohort study. BJOG, 114(5):582-587.  
  • Nicolas P, et al. 2020. Safety of oral ivermectin during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Glob Health, 8:e92–e100. 
  • Ogbuokiri J, et al. 1994. Ivermectin levels in human breast milk [letter]. Eur J Clin Pharmacol, 46:89-90.  
  • Pacque M, et al. 1990. Pregnancy outcome after inadvertent ivermectin treatment during community-based distribution. The Lancet, 336.8729:1486-1489. 
  • Patel VM, et al. 2016. Safety of topical medications for scabies and lice in pregnancy. Ind J of Derm, 61(6): 583. 
  • Porto I. 2003. Antiparasitic drugs & lactation: focus on anthelmintics, scabicides, & pediculosis. J Hum Lact, 19:421-5. 
  • Rosumeck S, et al. 2018. Ivermectin and permethrin for treating scabies. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 4 
  • Salavastru CM, et al. 2017. European guideline for the management of scabies. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol JEADV, 31:1248–1253.  
  • Sánchez-Díaz M, et al. 2024. European survey on the management of scabies by dermatologists in children under 2 months, pregnancy and breastfeeding woman. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, 38(11):e950–e953.  
  • Sciammarella J. Scabies. Retrieved November 2014 from: http://www.emedicine.com/EMERG/topic517.htm.   
  • Strong M, et al. 2007.  Interventions for treating scabies. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 3.   
  • Sunderkötter C, et al. 2021. Scabies: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment. Dtsch Arztebl Int, 118(41):695-704. PMID: 34615594 PMCID: PMC8743988 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.m2021.0296   
  • The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 2019. Parasites –Lice – Treatment. [Accessed 4/2021]. Available at URL: https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/lice/head/treatment.html   
  • The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 2019. Parasites –Scabies -Medication. [Accessed 4/2021]. Available at URL: https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/scabies/health_professionals/meds.html   
  • The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 2010. Parasites–Scabies. Available at URL: https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/scabies/index.html [Accessed 5/2023].  
  • Weill A et al. 2021. Scabies-infested pregnant women: A critical therapeutic challenge. PLOS Neglected Trop Dis, 15.1: e0008929. 

                                                  

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