• Skip to primary navigation
  • Skip to main content
  • Skip to footer
MotherToBaby

MotherToBaby

Medications and More during pregnancy and breastfeeding

Search

Hide Search
Shopping Cart
Show SearchSearch
866.626.6847
  • About
    • Our Work
    • Our Team
    • Our Partners
    • Our Impact
  • Exposures
    • Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Exposures
    • Fact Sheets
    • Baby Blogs
    • Podcasts
    • Interactive Tool
    • Other Educational Tools
    • LactRx App
  • Studies
    • Ongoing Studies
    • What’s Involved?
    • Join Now
    • Refer a Patient
    • Health Providers
    • Pharma Industry
    • Publications
  • Health Professionals
    • Patient Education and Provider Resources
    • Refer a Patient
    • Request Materials
    • Meetings
    • FAQs
    • OTIS Membership
  • Media
    • Media Requests
    • Press Releases
    • eNews Sign Up
  • In Your Area
  • OTIS
    • About OTIS
    • OTIS Membership
    • Annual Meeting
    • Member Log-In
  • Donate
  • Contact
  • Show SearchSearch

Anxiety

March 1, 2024

Selected References:

  • American Psychiatric Association. 2013. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th ed. American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC.
  • Bhongade M, et al. 2015. Effect of psychological stress on fertility hormones and seminal quality in male partners of infertile couples. Andrologia 47(3):336–342.
  • Bolea-Alamañac B, et al. 2018. Do mothers who are anxious during pregnancy have inattentive children? J Affect Disord 236:120-126.
  • Clinkscales N, et al. 2023. The effectiveness of psychological interventions for anxiety in the perinatal period: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychology and psychotherapy 96(2):296–327.
  • Dabb C , et al. 2023. Paternal pregnancy-related anxiety: Systematic review of men’s concerns and experiences during their partners’ pregnancies. Journal of affective disorders 323:640–658.
  • Dean DC, et al. 2018. Association of prenatal maternal depression and anxiety symptoms with infant white matter microstructure. JAMA Pediatrics 172(10):973-981.
  • Ding X-X, et al. 2014. Maternal anxiety during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. J Affect Disorder 159:103–110.
  • Dunkel Schetter C, et al. 2022. Anxiety in pregnancy and length of gestation: Findings from the healthy babies before birth study. Health psychology: official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association 41(12):894–903.
  • George A, et al. 2013. Anxiety symptoms and coping strategies in the perinatal period. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 13:233-239.
  • Göbel A, et al. 2018. The association between maternal-fetal bonding and prenatal anxiety: An explanatory analysis and systematic review. J Affect Disord 239:313-327.
  • Goodman J, et al. 2014. Anxiety disorders during pregnancy: A systematic review. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 75(10):e1153-e1154.
  • Grigoriadis S, et al. 2018. Maternal Anxiety During Pregnancy and the Association with Adverse Perinatal Outcomes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Psychiatry; 79(5):17r12011.
  • Korja R, et al. 2024. Trajectories of maternal depressive and anxiety symptoms and child’s socio-emotional outcome during early childhood. Journal of affective disorders 349:625–634.
  • Malm H, et al. 2015 Pregnancy complications following prenatal exposure to SSRIs or maternal psychiatric disorders: Results from population-based National Register data. Am J Psychiatry 172(12):1224-32.
  • Misri S, et al. 2015. Perinatal generalized anxiety disorder: assessment and treatment. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 24(9):762–770.
  • Mughal MK, et al. 2019. Trajectories of maternal distress and risk of child developmental delays: Findings from the All Our Families (AOF) pregnancy cohort. J Affect Disord 248:1-12.
  • Navaratne P, et al. 2016. Impact of a high Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score on obstetric & perinatal outcomes. Sci Rep. 6:33544; DOI 10.1038/srep 33544.
  • Pan Y, et al. 2022. Association between generalized anxiety symptoms and semen quality in infertile men: A multicentre study in North China. Andrologia 54(8):e14449.
  • Pavlov M, et al. 2014. Obstetric and neonatal outcome in patients with anxiety disorders. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine 27:(13) 1339-1342.
  • Pezley L, et al. 2022. Efficacy of behavioral interventions to improve maternal mental health and breastfeeding outcomes: a systematic review. International breastfeeding journal 17(1):67.
  • Ramos I, et al. 2022. Pregnancy anxiety, placental corticotropin-releasing hormone and length of gestation. Biological psychology 172:108376.
  • Ravid et al. 2018. Is there an association between maternal anxiety propensity and pregnancy outcomes? BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 18(1):287.
  • Rogers et al. 2020. Association Between Maternal Perinatal Depression and Anxiety and Child and Adolescent Development: A Meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatr; 174(11):1-11.
  • Rooney KL, et al. 2018. The relationship between stress and infertility. Dialogues Clin Neurosci 20(1):41-47.
  • Salehi F, et al. 2016. Comparison of group cognitive behavioral therapy and interactive lectures in reducing anxiety during pregnancy: A quasi experimental trial. Medicine (Baltimore). 95(43):e5224.
  • Shi Y & Han Q. 2024. Does maternal anxiety and depression increase the risk of asthma in the offspring? A systematic review and meta-analysis. European review for medical and pharmacological sciences 28(3):1066–1076.
  • Smith CA, et al. 2019. The effect of complementary medicines and therapies on maternal anxiety and depression in pregnancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 245:428-439.
  • Yang Z, et al. 2023. Trajectory of prenatal anxiety and depression and its association with fetal growth development. Early human development 187:105875.
  • Yonkers et al. 2017. Association of panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, & benzodiazepine treatment during pregnancy with adverse birth outcomes. JAMA Psychiatry 4(110):1145-1152.
  • Zhang T, et al. & Shanghai Birth Cohort. 2023. The impact of maternal depression, anxiety, and stress on early neurodevelopment in boys and girls. Journal of affective disorders, 321, 74–82.
  • Zhou J, et al. 2023. Maternal anxiety during pregnancy and children’s asthma in preschool age: The Ma’anshan birth cohort study. Journal of affective disorders 340:312–320.
  • Zhou J, et al. 2023. Maternal pregnancy-related anxiety and children’s physical growth: the Ma’anshan birth cohort study. BMC pregnancy and childbirth 23(1):384.

Footer

               

Hot Links

  • Home
  • Exposures
  • Fact Sheets
  • Baby Blogs
  • Podcasts
  • Pregnancy Studies
  • Join a Study Now
  • Healthcare Professionals
  • Refer a Patient
  • Request Materials
  • News
  • Donate
  • Ask An Expert

Current Studies

  • Ankylosing Spondylitis
  • Constipation
  • Coronavirus (COVID-19)
  • Eczema (Moderate-to-Severe)/Atopic Dermatitis
  • Hidradenitis Suppurativa
  • Lupus
  • Multiple Sclerosis
  • Non-Radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis
  • Psoriasis
  • Psoriatic Arthritis

Contact

Exposure Information Service
866.626.6847

Pregnancy Studies
877.311.8972

Media Inquiries
619.368.3259
nchavez@mothertobaby.org

MotherToBaby, a service of the Organization of Teratology Information Specialists

Copyright © 2025 The Organization of Teratology Information Specialists

  • Accessibility
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Site Map
^

This website is supported by the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) as part of an award totaling $6,000,000 with zero percentage financed with non-governmental sources. The contents are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official views of, nor an endorsement by, HRSA, HHS, or the U.S. Government.