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Omeprazole | Esomeprazole

Selected References:

  • Ali, R, et al. 2022. Review of recent evidence on the management of heartburn in pregnant and breastfeeding women. BMC gastroenterology; 22.1: 1-10.
  • Anderka M, et al. 2012. National Birth Defects Prevention Study. Medications used to treat nausea and vomiting of pregnancy and the risk of selected birth defects. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol; 94:22-30.
  • Andersen ABT, et al. 2012. Prenatal exposure to acid-suppressive drugs and the risk of toddler asthma: a population-based Danish cohort study. Alim Pharmacol Ther; 35:1190-1198.
  • Anderson P. 2018. Treating gastroesophageal reflux and heartburn while breastfeeding. Breastfeed Med;13(7):463–4.
  • Bank, T, et al. 2024. Challenges in Conducting Clinical Trials for Preeclampsia. Curr Hypertens Rep 26, 59–68.
  • Bor S, et al. 2017. The levels of pantoprazole in human breast milk and plasma: two compartment model. Neurogastroenterol Motil; 29:79–80.
  • Dehlink E, et al. 2009. First evidence of a possible association between gastric acid suppression during pregnancy and childhood asthma: a population-based register study. Clin Exp Allergy 39:246-53.
  • Diav-Citrin O, et al. 2005. The safety of proton pump inhibitors in pregnancy: a multicentre prospective controlled study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther; 21:269-75.
  • Erichsen R, et al. 2014. Maternal use of proton pump inhibitors during early pregnancy and the prevalence of hypospadias in male offspring. Am J Ther; 21: 254-259.
  • Gill SK et al. 2009. The safety of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in pregnancy: a meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol; 104(6): 1541-1545.
  • Hastie R, et al. 2019. Proton pump inhibitors and preeclampsia risk among 157 720 women: a Swedish population register–based cohort study. Hypertension; 73(5):1097–103.
  • Huijgen NA. 2016. Are proton-pump inhibitors harmful for the semen quality of men in couples who are planning pregnancy? Fertility and Sterility, 106(7), 1666-1672.
  • Kallen B. 1998. Delivery outcome after the use of acid-suppressing drugs in early pregnancy with special reference to omeprazole. Br J Obstet Gynaecol; 105:877-881.
  • Kallen B. 2001. Use of omeprazole during pregnancy—no hazard demonstrated in 955 infants exposed during pregnancy. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol; 96:63-68.
  • Keihani, S. et al. 2018. Proton-pump inhibitor use does not affect semen quality in subfertile men. Asian journal of andrology, 20(3), 290.
  • Lalkin A, et al. 1998. The safety of omeprazole during pregnancy: a multicenter prospective controlled study. Am J Obstet Gynecol; 179(3 Pt 1): 727-730.
  • Li, C, et al. 2020. Systematic review with meta‐analysis: the risks of proton pump inhibitors during pregnancy. Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics; 51.4: 410-420.
  • Mahadevan, Uma. 2007. “Gastrointestinal Medications in Pregnancy.” Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology 21(5): 849–77.
  • Majithia, R., & Johnson, D. A. (2012). Are Proton Pump Inhibitors Safe during Pregnancy and Lactation? 10.
  • Marshall JK, et al. 1998. Omeprazole for refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease during pregnancy and lactation. Can J Gastroenterol; 12: 225-227.
  • Matok I, et al. 2012. The safety of fetal exposure to proton-pump inhibitors during pregnancy. Dig Dis Sci; 57:699-705.
  • Mumtaz, N, et al. Harmful Consequences of Proton Pump Inhibitors on Male Fertility: An Evidence from Subchronic Toxicity Study of Esomeprazole and Lansoprazole in Wistar Rats. International Journal of Endocrinology.
  • Nikfar S, et al. 2002. Use of proton pump inhibitors during pregnancy and rates of major malformations: a meta-analysis. Dig Dis Sci; 47:1526-9.
  • Neuman R, et al. 2022. Omeprazole Administration in Preterm Preeclampsia: a Randomized Controlled Trial to Study Its Effect on sFlt-1 (Soluble Fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase-1), PlGF (Placental Growth Factor), and ET-1 (Endothelin-1). Hypertension, vol. 79,6: 1297-1307.
  • Pasternak B, Hviid A. 2010. Use of proton-pump inhibitors in early pregnancy and the risk of birth defects. N Engl J Med; 363:2114-2123.
  • Saito J, et al. 2020. Esomeprazole During Pregnancy and Lactation: Esomeprazole Levels in Maternal Serum, Cord Blood, Breast Milk, and the Infant’s Serum. Breastfeeding Medicine, bfm.2020.0175.
  • Thélin CS, & Richter JE. 2020. Review article: the management of heartburn during pregnancy and lactation. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 51(4), 421–434.
  • Yitshak-Sade M, et al. 2016. Prenatal exposure to H2 blockers and to proton pump inhibitors and asthma development in offspring. J Clinic Pharmacol; 56: 116-123

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