Selected References:

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  • Brouwer J, et al. 2015. Fertility in women with rheumatoid arthritis: influence of disease activity and medication. Ann Rheum Dis. 74(10):1836-41.
  • de Man YA, et al. 2014. Disease activity or remission of rheumatoid arthritis before, during and following pregnancy. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 26(3):329-333.
  • de Man YA, et al. 2008. Disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis during pregnancy: results from a nationwide prospective study. Arthritis Rheumatol. 59(9):1241-1248.
  • De Santis M, et al. 2005. Paternal and maternal exposure to leflunomide: pregnancy and neonatal outcome. Ann Rheum Dis. 64(7):1096-1097.
  • Fischer-Betz R, et al. 2015. High Risk of Flares during Pregnancy in Women with Rheumatoid Arthritis Who Discontinue Treatment with TNF Inhibitors at Conception. Arthritis Rheumatol. 67 (suppl 10).
  • Förger F, et al. 2012. Pregnancy mediated improvement of rheumatoid arthritis. Swiss Med Wkly. 142:w13644.
  • Förger F et al, 2019. Discontinuing TNF-inhibitors before gestational week 20 in well controlled rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile arthritis is not associated with a disease worsening in late pregnancy. Arthritis and Rheumatology. PMID: 30663847.
  • Katz PP Childbearing decisions and family size among women with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 55(2):217-223.
  • Krause ML, Makol A. 2016. Management of rheumatoid arthritis during pregnancy: challenges and solutions. Open Access Rheumatol. 23;8:23-36.
  • Mahadevan U, et al. 2014. 960 Exposure to Anti-TNFα Therapy in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy Is Not Associated With Increased Adverse Outcomes: Results From the PIANO Registry. Gastroenterol. 146(5), Suppl 1, Page S-170.
  • Østensen M, et al. 2015. State of the art: Reproduction and pregnancy in rheumatic diseases. Autoimmun Rev. 14(5):376-86.
  • Spinillo A, et al. 2016. The impact of unrecognized autoimmune rheumatic diseases on the incidence of preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction: a longitudinal cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 18;16(1):313.
  • van den Brandt S, et al. 2017. Risk factors for flare and treatment of disease flares during pregnancy in rheumatoid arthritis and axial spondyloarthritis patients. Arthritis Res Ther. 20;19(1):64.
  • Viktil KK, et al. 2012. Outcomes after anti-rheumatic drug use before and during pregnancy: a cohort study among 50,000 pregnant women and expectant fathers. Scand J Rheumatol. 41(3):196-201.
  • Weber-Schoendorfer C, et al. 2014. No evidence for an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcome after paternal low-dose methotrexate: an observational cohort study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 53(4):757-763.
  • Weber-Schoendorfer C, et al. 2015. Pregnancy outcome after TNF-α inhibitor therapy during the first trimester: a prospective multicentre cohort study. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 80(4):727-39.
  • Williams M and Chakravarty EF, 2014. Rheumatoid arthritis and pregnancy: impediments to optimal management of both biologic use before, during and after pregnancy. Curr Opin Rheumatol.  26(3):341-346.