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MotherToBaby

Medications and More during pregnancy and breastfeeding

Working in a Dental Office

Selected References:  

  • American Dental Association (ADA). https://www.ada.org/resources/practice/legal-and-regulatory/amalgam (accessed 6/25/2025). 
  • Bjorklund G, et. al. 2019. Mercury exposure and its effects on fertility and pregnancy outcome. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 125(4):317-327 Brodsky JB, et al. 1985. Occupational exposure to mercury in dentistry and pregnancy outcome. J Am Dent Assoc; 111:779-780. 
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 2003. Guidelines for Infection Control in Dental Health-Care Settings. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR). 52(RR17):1-61.  
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 2021. Summary of Infection Prevention Practices in Dental Settings: Basic Expectations for Safe Care. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/oralhealth/infectioncontrol/summary-infection-prevention-practices/index.html 
  • CDC. 2011. Immunization of Health-Care Personnel: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR); 60 (RR07):1-45. 
  • Ericson A, Kallen B. 1989. Pregnancy outcome in women working as dentists, dental assistants or dental technicians. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 61:329-33. 
  • Glick M, Goldman HS. 1993. Viral infections in the dental setting: potential effects on pregnant HCWs. J Am Dent Assoc. 124(6):79-86. 
  • Heggland I, et al. 2011. Pregnancy outcomes among female dental personnel-a registry-based retrospective cohort study. Scand J Work Environ Health; 37(6): 539-546. 
  • Knill-Jones RP, et al. 1975. Anaesthetic practice and pregnancy. Lancet; 2:807-9. 
  • LeBeau J. 2015. Laser Safety in the Dental Office. https://www.aldadmin.org/index.cfm/patients/ALD_Blog/show/blogPost/LaserSafetyInTheDentalOffice [Accessed 2025]. 
  • Lindbohm ML, et al. 2007.Occupational exposure in dentistry and miscarriage. Occup Environ Med; 64:127-133. 
  • Mann A, et. al. 2020. Considerations for pregnant dental and health care workers amid COVID-19. JDR Clin Trans Res 5(4):300-306. 
  • Marklund S, et al. 2019. Work ability and productivity among dentists: associations with musculoskeletal pain, stress, and sleep. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. PMID: 31654126 
  • Nagpal N, et al. 2017. A Review of Mercury Exposure and Health of Dental Personnel. Saf Health Work. 8(1): 1-10. ‘
  • Naimi-Akbar A, et al. 2012. Cognitive function among sons of women who worked in dentistry. Scand J Work Environ Health. 38(6):546-552. 
  • Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Dentistry Hazard Recognition, Control and Prevention: Available at: https://www.osha.gov/dentistry/hazard-control-prevention [Accessed 6/2025]. 
  • OSHA. Laser/Electrosurgery Plume. https://www.https://www.osha.gov/laser-electrosurgery-plume [Accessed 6/25/2025].  
  • OSHA. Mercury OSHA Standards. https://www. https://www.osha.gov/mercury/standards [Accessed 6/25/2025]. 
  • Olfert SM. 2006. Reproductive outcomes among dental personnel: a review of selected exposures. J Can Dent Assoc. 72(9):821-5. 
  • Romano F, et al. 2017. Electrosurgical Smoke: Ultrafine Particle Measurements and Work Environment Quality in Different Operating Theatres. Int J Environ Res Public Health; 14(2): 137.  
  • Rowland A et al. 1995. Nitrous oxide and spontaneous abortion in female dental assistants. Am J Epidemiol. 141(6):531-8. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117468. PMID: 7900720. 
  • Smalley P. 2011. Laser safety: Risks, hazards, and control measures. Laser Ther; 20(2): 95-106. 
  • Warwick D, et al. 2019. Mercury vapor volatilization from particulate generated from dental amalgam removal with a high-speed dental drill – a significant source of exposure. Jrnl of Occ Med & Tox. 14,22. 
  • United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 2017. About Dental Amalgam Fillings.  https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/dental-devices/dental-amalgam-fillings [Accessed 6/25/2025]. 

 

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