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MotherToBaby

Medications and More during pregnancy and breastfeeding

Zika Virus

Selected References:

  • Ades AE, et al. 2021. Vertical transmission of Zika virus and its outcomes: a Bayesian synthesis of prospective studies. Lancet Infect Dis. 21(4):537-545. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30432-1. 
  • Acosta Pérez E, et al. 2025. Adverse fetal and perinatal outcomes associated with Zika virus infection during pregnancy: an individual participant data meta-analysis. eClinicalMedicine, Volume 83, 103231 
  • Alger J, et al. 2024. Neurodevelopmental assessment of normocephalic children born to Zika virus exposed and unexposed pregnant people. Pediatric Research, 95(2):566-572. 
  • Antoniou E, et al. 2023. Congenital Zika Syndrome and Disabilities of Feeding and Breastfeeding in Early Childhood: A Systematic Review. Viruses, 15(3):601. 
  • Blackmon K, et al. 2020. Epilepsy surveillance in normocephalic children with and without prenatal Zika virus exposure. PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 14:e0008874. 
  • Brasil P, et al. 2016. Zika Virus Infection in Pregnant Women in Rio de Janeiro. N Engl J Med. 375(24):2321-2334. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1602412. Epub 2016 Mar 4. PMID: 26943629; PMCID: PMC5323261. 
  • Cavalcante TB, et al. 2022. Characteristics associated with drug resistant epilepsy in children up to 36 months old with Congenital Zika Syndrome. Seizure, 103:92-98. 
  • Cardoso TF, et al. 2019. Congenital Zika infection: neurology can occur without microcephaly. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 104:199-200.  
  • Centeno-Tablante E, et al. 2021. Update on the transmission of Zika virus through breast milk and breastfeeding: a systematic review of the evidence. Viruses, 13(1):123. 
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2025. Zika Virus. Available at URL: https://www.cdc.gov/zika/index.html. 
  • Christie C, et al. 2023. Dengue, chikungunya and zika arbovirus infections in Caribbean children. Current Opinion in Pediatrics, 35(2):155-165. 
  • Delaney A, et al. 2018. Population-based surveillance of birth defects potentially related to Zika virus infection — 15 states and U.S. territories, 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2018, 67:91–96. 
  • Díaz C, et al. 2023. Craniofacial and dental features in children aged 3-5 years with congenital Zika syndrome. Clin Oral Investig, 27(9):5181-5188. 
  • Fernandes M, et al. 2023. Does Intra-Uterine Exposure to the Zika Virus Increase Risks of Cognitive Delay at Preschool Ages? Findings from a Zika-Exposed Cohort from Grenada, West Indies. Viruses, 15(6):1290. 
  • Joguet G, et al. 2017. Effect of acute Zika virus infection on sperm and virus clearance in body fluids: a prospective observational study. Lancet Infect Dis, 17(11):1200-1208. 
  • Martins MM, et al. 2021.Fetal, neonatal, and infant outcomes associated with maternal Zika virus infection during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLOS ONE, 16(2): e0246643. 
  • Mercado-Reyes M, et al. 2021. Pregnancy, birth, infant, and early childhood neurodevelopmental outcomes among a cohort of women with symptoms of Zika virus disease during pregnancy in three surveillance sites, Project Vigilancia de Embarazadas con Zika (VEZ), Colombia, 2016–2018. Trop Med Infect. Dis, 6(4):183. 
  • Paixao ES, et al. 2022. Mortality from Congenital Zika Syndrome – Nationwide Cohort Study in Brazil. N Engl J Med. 386(8):757-767. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2101195. PMID: 35196428; PMCID: PMC7612437. 
  • Polen KD, et al. 2018. Update: interim guidance for preconception counseling and prevention of sexual transmission of Zika virus for men with possible Zika virus exposure – United States, August 2018. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2018 Aug 10, 67(31):868-871. 
  • Rasmussen SA, et al. 2016. Zika virus and birth defects –reviewing the evidence for causality. N Engl J Med, 374:1981-1987. 
  • Rice ME, et al. 2018. Vital signs: Zika-associated birth defects and neurodevelopmental abnormalities possibly associated with congenital Zika virus infection — U.S. territories and freely associated states, 2018. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 201, 67:858-867. 
  • Rua EC, et al. 2022. Two-year follow-up of children with congenital Zika syndrome: the evolution of clinical patterns. Eur J Pediatr, 181(3):991-999. 
  • Shapiro-Mendoza CK, et al. 2017. Pregnancy Outcomes After Maternal Zika Virus Infection During Pregnancy — U.S. Territories, January 1, 2016–April 25, 2017. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2017, 66:615-621.  
  • Smoots AN, et al. 2020. Population-based surveillance for birth defects potentially related to Zika virus infection — 22 states and territories, January 2016–June 2017. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2020, 69:67–71. 
  • Foo SS, et al. 2024. Sustained chronic inflammation and altered childhood vaccine responses in children exposed to Zika virus. EBioMedicine. 106:105249. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105249. PMID: 39024898; PMCID: PMC11304698. 
  • Valdes V, et al. 2019. Cognitive development of infants exposed to the Zika Virus in Puerto Rico. JAMA Netw Open, 2:e1914061. 
  • Venancio FA, et al. 2025. Early and Long-Term Adverse Outcomes of In Utero Zika Exposure. Pediatrics. 155(2):e2024067552. doi: 10.1542/peds.2024-067552. PMID: 39814049; PMCID: PMC11832048. 
  • World Health Organization. 2016. Infant feeding in areas of Zika virus transmission. Available at URL: https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/WHO_ZIKV_MOC_16%205_eng.pdf. 

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