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Chlorpheniramine

Selected References:

  • Aldridge TD, et al. 2014. First-trimester antihistamine exposure and risk of spontaneous abortion or preterm birth. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf, 23(10):1043-50
  • Aselton P, et al. 1985. First-trimester drug use and congenital disorders. Obstet Gynecol 65(4):451-455.
  • Diav-Citrin O, et al. 2003. Pregnancy outcome after gestational exposure to loratadine or antihistamines: a prospective controlled cohort study. J Allergy Clin Immunol 111(6):1239-1243.
  • Etwel F, et al. 2017. The Risk of Adverse Pregnancy Outcome After First Trimester Exposure to H1 Antihistamines: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Drug Saf, 40(2):121-132.
  • Gilboa SM, et al. 2014. Antihistamines and birth defects: a systematic review of the literature. Expert Opin Drug Saf, 13(12):1667-98.
  • Gilboa SM, et al. 2009. National Birth Defects Prevention Study: Use of antihistamine medications during early pregnancy and isolated major malformations. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol 85(2):137-150.
  • Hansen C, et al. 2020. Use of antihistamine medications during early pregnancy and selected birth defects: The National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997-2011. Birth Defects Res, 112(16):1234-1252.
  • Hellbom E. 2005. Chlorpheniramine, selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and over-the-counter (OTC) treatment. Med Hypotheses. ;66(4):689-90.
  • Ito S, et al. 1993. Prospective follow-up of adverse reactions in breast-fed infants exposed to maternal medication. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 168:1393-1399.
  • Jick H, et al. 1981: First-trimester drug use and congenital disorders. JAMA 246(4):343-346.
  • Koh YP, et al. 2019. New Change in pregnancy and lactation labelling: Review of dermatologic drugs. Int’l J of Women’s Dermatology, 5(4):216-226
  • Li Q et al. 2013. Assessment of antihistamine use in early pregnancy and birth defects. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 1(6):666-74.
  • Nelson MM and Forfar JJ. 1971. Associations between drugs administered during pregnancy and congenital abnormalities of the fetus. Br Med J. 1;523-527.
  • Ngo E, et al. 2022. Antihistamine use during breastfeeding with focus on breast milk transfer and safety in humans: A systematic literature review. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol, 130(1):171-181.

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