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Diphenhydramine

Selected References: 

  • Abernathy A, et al. 2017. Transient fetal tachycardia after intravenous diphenhydramine administration. Obstet 130(2):374-376.
  • Aldridge T, et al. 2014. First-trimester antihistamine exposure and risk of spontaneous abortion or preterm birth. Phamacoepidemiol Drug Saf. Oct 23 (10):1043-50. 
  • Anderka M, et al, and the National Birth Defects Prevention Study. 2012. Medications used to treat nausea and vomiting of pregnancy and the risk of selected birth defects. Birth Defects Res (Part A) 94:22-30.
  • Aselton P, et al. 1985, First-trimester drug use and congenital disorders. Obstet Gynecol 65(4):451-455.
  • Brost BC, et al. 1996. Diphenhydramine overdose during pregnancy: Lessons from the past. Am J Obstet Gynecol 175:1376-7.
  • Black RA, et al. 2003. Over-the-Counter Medications in Pregnancy. Am Fam 67(12):2517-2524.
  • Brzezińska-Wcisło L, et al. 2017. Pregnancy: a therapeutic dilemma. Adv Dermatol Allergol:XXXIV (5): 433-438.
  • Chaudhry SK & Susser LC. 2018. Considerations in treating insomnia during pregnancy: a literature review. Psychosomatics, 59(4), 341-348. 
  • Cohen F, et al. 2021. A randomized study of IV prochlorperazine plus diphenhydramine versus IV hydromorphone for migraine-associated symptoms: A post hoc analysis. Headache. 61(8):1227-1233. 
  • Friedman BW, et al. 2016.  Diphenhydramine as Adjuvant Therapy for Acute Migraine: An Emergency Department-Based Randomized Clinical Trial. Ann Emerg Med. 67(1):32-39.
  • Gilboa SM, et al. 2009. National Birth Defects Prevention Study: Use of antihistamine medications during early pregnancy and isolated major malformations. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol 85(2):137-150. 
  • Hansen C, et al. 2020. Use of antihistamine medications during early pregnancy and selected birth defects: The National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997–2011. Birth Defects Research, 112(16), 1234-1252.
  • Hara GS, et al. 1980. Dramamine in labor: potential boon or a possible bomb? J Kans Med Soc 81(3):134-136, 155.
  • Ito S, et al. 1993. Prospective follow-up of adverse reactions in breast-fed infants exposed to maternal medication. Am J Obstet Gynecol 168:1393-9.
  • Kargas GA, et al. 1985. Perinatal mortality due to interaction of diphenhydramine and temazepam. N Eng J Med 313:1417-8. 
  • Li Q, et al. 2013. Assessment of antihistamine use in early pregnancy and birth defects. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 1(6):666-e1. 
  • McLafferty LP, et al. 2018. Pharmacologic treatment of sleep disorders in Sleep medicine clinics, 13(2), 243-250.
  • Miller MA, et al. 2020. Sleep pharmacotherapy for common sleep disorders in pregnancy and lactation. Chest, 157(1), 184-197.
  • Moraes AP, et al. 2004. Maternal exposure to diphenhydramine during the fetal period in rats: effects on physical and neurobehavioral development and on neurochemical parameters. Neurotoxicol Teratol 26(5):681-692.
  • Moretti ME, et al. 1995. Adverse events in breastfed infants exposed to antihistamines in maternal milk. Reprod Toxicol 9: 588. 
  • O’Brien TE. 1974. Excretion of drugs in human milk. Am J Hosp Pharm 31:844-54.
  • Parken DE. 1974. Probably Benadryl withdrawal manifestations in a newborn infant. J Pediatr 85:580. 
  • Saldanha IJ, et al. 2021. Management of primary headaches during pregnancy, postpartum, and breastfeeding: A systematic review. Headache, 61(1):11-43.
  • Saxen I. 1974. Cleft palate and maternal diphenhydramine intake.  Lancet 1(7854):407-408.
  • Shenai N, et al. 2018. Fetal outcomes in intentional over-the-counter medication overdoses in Psychosomatics 4:400-404.
  • So M, et al. 2010. Safety of antihistamines during pregnancy and lactation. Can Fam Physician 56(5):427-429.
  • Spencer JP, et al. 2001. Medications in the Breast-feeding Mother. Am Fam Physician 64(1): 119-127. 
  • Wolfson AR, et al. 2022. Diphenhydramine: Time to Move on? J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 10(12):3124-313.

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