Selected References
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- Ilett KF, et al. 2008. Use of a sparse sampling study design to assess transfer of tramadol and its o-desmethyl metabolite into transitional breast milk. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 65:661-6.
- Kallen B & Reis M. 2015. Use of tramadol in early pregnancy and congenital malformation risk. Reprod Toxicol. 23;58:246-251.
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- Meyer FP, et al. 1997. Tramadol withdrawal in a neonate. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 53: 159–60.
- O’Mara K, et al. 2010. Treatment of neonatal withdrawal with clonidine after longterm, high-dose maternal use of tramadol. Ann Pharmacother 44: 1342–4.
- Sawaddiruk P. 2011. Tramadol hydrochloride/acetaminophen combination for the relief of acute pain. Drugs Today (Barc). 47(10):763-772.
- Schuckit MA. 2016. Treatment of opioid-use disorders. N Engl J.Med. 375:357–68
- Sørensen AMS, et al. 2022. Exposure to Tramadol During Early Pregnancy and Risk of Spontaneous Abortion or Major Congenital Malformations. Obstet Gynecol.139(4):545-553.
- Subedi A. et al. 2013. Analgesic effects of intrathecal tramadol in patients undergoing caesarean section: a randomised, double-blind study. Int J Obstet Anesth. 22(4):316-21.
- S. Food & Drug Administration. FDA drug safety communication: FDA restricts use of prescription codeine pain and cough medicines and tramadol pain medicines in children; recommends against the use in breastfeeding women. Available from URL: https://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm549679.htm
- Willaschek C, et al. 2009. Tramadol withdrawal in a neonate after long-term analgesic treatment of the mother. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 65: 429–30.
