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MotherToBaby

Medications and More during pregnancy and breastfeeding

Verapamil

Selected References:

  • Andersen HJ. 1983. Excretion of verapamil in human milk. Eur J Clin Pharmacol, 25:279-80.
  • Anderson P, et al. 1987. Verapamil and norverapamil in plasma and breast milk during breast feeding. Eur J Clin Pharmacol, 31:625-627.
  • Belfort MA, et al. 1990. Hemodynamic changes associated with intravenous infusion of the calcium antagonist verapamil in the treatment of severe gestational proteinuric hypertension. Obstet Gynecol, 75:970-974.
  • Benoff S, et al. 1994. The effect of calcium ion channel blockers on sperm fertilization potential. Fertil Steril, 62:606-617.
  • Byerly WG, et al. 1991. Verapamil in the treatment of maternal paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. Ann Emerg Med, 20(5):552-554.
  • Czeizel AE, Rockenbauer M. 1997. Population-based case-control study of teratogenic potential of corticosteroids. Teratology, 56:335-340.
  • Czeizel AE, Toth M. 1998. Birth weight, gestational age and medications during pregnancy. Int J Gynaecol Obstet, 60:245-249.
  • Fearrington EL, et al. 1983. Hyperprolactinemia-galactorrhea induced by verapamil. Am J Cardiol, 51:1466-1467.
  • Gluskin LE, et al. 1981. Verapamil-induced hyperprolactinemia and galactorrhea. Ann Intern Med, 95:66-67.
  • Inoue H. 1984. Excretion of verapamil in human milk. Br Med J, 288:645-646.
  • Joglar JA, et al. 2023. HRS expert consensus statement on the management of arrhythmias during pregnancy. Heart Rhythm. 20: e175–264.
  • Katsoff D, Check JH. 1997. A challenge to the concept that the use of calcium channel blockers causes reversible male infertility. Hum Reprod, 12(7):1480-482.
  • King BD, et al. 1983. Impotence during therapy with verapamil. Arch Intern Med, 143:1248-1249.
  • Magee LA, et al. 1996. The safety of calcium channel blockers in human pregnancy: a prospective, multicenter cohort study. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 174(3):823-828.
  • Miller MR, et al. 1986. Verapamil and breast-feeding. Eur J Clin Pharmacol, 30:125-126.
  • Murad SHN, et al. 1985. Effects of verapamil on uterine blood flow and maternal cardiovascular function in the awake pregnant ewe. Anesth Analg, 64:7-10.
  • Spelger G, et al. 1980. Kardiale Parameter beim Neugeborenen nach Tokolyse [Cardiac parameters of the newborn after tocolysis (author’s transl)]. Klin Padiatr, 192(4):319-324. German.
  • Tamirisa KP, 2022. Arrhythmias and Heart Failure in Pregnancy: A Dialogue on Multidisciplinary Collaboration. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis, 9:199.
  • Tektemur A, et al. 2020. Verapamil-induced ion channel and miRNA expression changes in rat testis and/or spermatozoa may be associated with male infertility. Andrologia, 52(10):e13778.
  • Weber-Schoendorfer C, et al. 2008. The safety of calcium channel blockers during pregnancy: a prospective, multicenter, observational study. Reprod Toxicol, 2008;26:24-30.
  • 2025. Product labeling. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=3283bba6-05dd-3766-e063-6394a90ada69

 

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