MotherToBaby

Medications and More during pregnancy and breastfeeding

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Erythromycin

Selected References:

  • Abdellatif M, et al. 2019. Association between exposure to macrolides and the development of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Pediatr 178(3):301-314.
  • Adair CD, Gunter M, Stovall TG et al. 1998. Chlamydia in pregnancy: A randomized trial of azithromycin and erythromycin. Obstet Gynecol 91:165-168.
  • Andersson NW, Olsen RH, Andersen JT. 2021. Association between use of macrolides in pregnancy and risk of major birth defects: nationwide, register based cohort study. BMJ. 372:n107.
  • Bahat Dinur A, et al. 2013. Fetal safety of macrolides. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 57(7):3307-11.
  • Berard A, et al. 2015. Use of macrolides during pregnancy and the risk of birth defects: a population-based study. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 24(12):1241-1248.
  • Cohen I, et al. 1990. Improved pregnancy outcome following successful treatment of chlamydial infection. JAMA 263:3160-3163.
  • Committee on Drugs, American Academy of Pediatrics. 2001. The transfer of drugs and other chemicals into human breast milk. Pediatrics 108:776-89.
  • Damkier P, et al. 2019. In utero exposure to antibiotics and risk of congenital malformations: A population-based study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 221:648.e1-15.
  • Fan H, et al. 2020. Associations between macrolide antibiotics prescribing during pregnancy and adverse child outcomes in the UK: population based cohort study. BMJ 368:m331.
  • Flenady V, et al. 2013. Prophylactic antibiotics for inhibiting preterm labour with intact membranes. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 5;12:CD000246.
  • FitzSimmons J et al. 1990. Chlamydial infections in pregnancy. J Reprod Med 31:19-22, 1986.
  • Goldstein LH, et al. 2009. The safety of macrolides during lactation. Breastfed Med 4:157-200
  • Källén B, Danielsson BR, 2014. Fetal safety of erythromycin. An update of Swedish data. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 70(3):355-60.
  • Lin KJ, et al. 2013. Safety of macrolides during pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 208(3):221.e1-8.
  • Lund M, et al. 2014. Use of macrolides in mother and child and risk of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis: nationwide cohort study. BMJ 11;348:g1908.
  • Marlow N, et al. 2017. The ORACLE Children Study: educational outcomes at 11 years of age following antenatal prescription of erythromycin or co-amoxiclav. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 102(2):F131-F135.
  • McCormack WM et al. 1987. Effect on birth weight of erythromycin treatment of pregnant women. Obstet Gynecol 69:202-207.
  • McGregor JA et al. 1986. Adjunctive erythromycin treatment for idiopathic preterm labor: Results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol 154:98-103.
  • Romøren M, et al. 2012. Pregnancy outcome after gestational exposure to erythromycin – a population-based register study from Norway. Br J Clin Pharmacol 74(6):1053-62.
  • Ryan GM Jr, Abdella TN, McNeeley SG, et al. 1990. Chlamydia trachomatis infection in pregnancy and effect of treatment on outcome. Am J Obstet Gynecol 162:34-39.
  • Sorensen, HT et al. 2003. Risk of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis after maternal postnatal use of macrolides. Scand J Infect Dis 35:104-6
  • WHO Working Group, Bennet PN (ed). 1988. Drugs and Human Lactation. Elsevier, Amsterdam, New York, Oxford, pp. 253-4.
  • Schachter J et al. 1986. Experience with the routine use of erythromycin for chlamydial infections in pregnancy. N Engl J Med 314:276-9.