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Penicillin G

Selected References:

  • Chu S, et al. 2015. Periconceptional and Gestational Exposure to Antibiotics and Childhood Asthma. PLoS One 10(10):e0140443
  • Crider KS, et al. 2009. Antibacterial medication use during pregnancy and risk of birth defects: National Birth Defects Prevention Study. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 163(11):978-985.
  • Czeizel AE, et al. 1999. A population-based case-control teratological study of three parenteral penicillins G. Congenital Anomalies 39:117-126.
  • Dencker BB, et al. 2002. Birth outcome of 1886 pregnancies after exposure to phenoxymethylpenicillin in utero. Clin Microbiol Infect 8:196-201.
  • Gallager, JS. 1988. Anaphylaxis in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 71:491-493.
  • Greene H, et al. 1946. Excretion of penicillin in human milk following parturition. Am J Obstet Gynecol 51:732-733.
  • Heinonen OP, et al. 1977. Birth Defects and Drugs in Pregnancy. Publishing Sciences Group: 299-313, 435.
  • Jepsen P, et al. 2003. A population-based study of maternal use of amoxicillin and pregnancy outcome in Denmark. Br J Clin Pharmacol 55(2):216-221.
  • Kosim H. 1959. Intrauterine fetal death as a result of anaphylactic reaction to penicillin in a pregnant woman. Dapim Refuiim 18:136-137.
  • Meeraus WH, et al. 2015. Association between antibiotic prescribing in pregnancy and cerebral palsy or epilepsy in children born at term: a cohort study using the health improvement network. PLoS One 10(3): e0122034.
  • Nahum GG, et al. 2006. Antibiotic use in pregnancy and lactation: what is and is not known about teratogenic and toxic risks. Obstet Gynecol 107(5):1120-38.
  • Njotto LL, et al. 2023. Maternal and early-life exposure to antibiotics and the risk of autism and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in childhood: a Swedish population-based cohort study. Drug Saf. 46(5):467-478.
  • Ortqvist AK, et al. 2014. Antibiotics in fetal and early life and subsequent childhood asthma: nationwide population based study with sibling analysis. BMJ. 349:g6979.
  • Ravid R & Toaff R. 1972. On the possible teratogenicity of antibiotic drugs administered during pregnancy – a prospective study. Drugs and Fetal Development: 505-510.
  • Simons & Schatz. 2012. Anaphylaxis during pregnancy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 130(3): 597-606.

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