Selected References: Adams J, et al. 2022. Neuropsychological effects in children exposed to anticonvulsant monotherapy during gestation: Phenobarbital, carbamazepine, and phenytoin. Epilepsy Behav. 127:108533. Antonucci R, et al. 2018. Maternal carbamazepine therapy and unusual adverse effects in a breastfed infant. Breastfeed Med 13(2):155-157. Baker GA, et al. 2015. IQ at 6 years after in utero exposure to antiepileptic drugs: a controlled cohort study. Neurology 84(4):382-390. …
The Baby Blog
About Our Baby Blog
Every person wants to know what’s best for their baby, especially when it comes to knowing how to minimize exposure risks. Our relatable stories are packed with practical information from our rotating staff of MotherToBaby expert bloggers. Whatever topic you’re looking for, our blogs will provide you a great foundation to learn more.
Amlodipine (Norvasc®)
Selected References: Ahn HK, et al. 2007. Exposure to amlodipine in the first trimester of pregnancy and during breastfeeding. Hypertension in pregnancy, 26(2):179–187. Aoki H, et al. 2018. Low Levels of Amlodipine in Breast Milk and Plasma. Breastfeeding medicine,13(9):622–626. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2024). Health and economic benefits of high blood pressure interventions. Retrieved August 2024 from …
Mifepristone
Selected References: Auffret M, et al. 2016. Misoprostol exposure during the first trimester of pregnancy: Is the malformation risk varying depending on the indication? Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol, 207:188-192. Baev OR, et al. 2017. Outcomes of mifepristone usage for cervical ripening and induction of labour in full-term pregnancy. Randomized controlled trial. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol, 217:144-149. Brown A, et al. 2002. Daily low dose mifepristone has contraceptive …
Nifedipine (Procardia®)
Selected References: American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). 2022/Apr. Preeclampsia and High Blood Pressure during Pregnancy. https://www.acog.org/womens-health/faqs/preeclampsia-and-high-blood-pressure-during-pregnancy Anderson PO, et al 2020. Drug treatment of Raynaud’s phenomenon of the nipple. Breastfeed Med 15:686-8. Benoff S, et al. 1994. The effect of calcium ion channel blockers on sperm fertilization potential. Fertil Steril 62:606-17. Bortolus R, et …
Dextromethorphan
Selected References: Aselton P, et al. 1985. First-trimester drug use and congenital disorders. Obstet Gynecol, 65(4):451-455. Cao Y, et al. 2021. Maternal use of cough medications during early pregnancy and selected birth defects: a US multisite, case–control study. BMJ Open, 11:e053604. Einarson A, et al. 2001. The safety of dextromethorphan in pregnancy: Results of a controlled study. Chest, 119(2):466-469. Heinonen OP, et al. 1977. Birth Defects and Drugs in Pregnancy. …
