Selected References: Anderson PO, et al. 2007. Hydrocodone excretion into breast milk: the first two reported cases. Breastfeeding Medicine, 2(1):10-14. Azuine RE, et al, 2019. Prenatal risk factors and perinatal and postnatal outcomes associated with maternal opioid exposure in an urban, low-income, multiethnic US population. JAMA Network Open, 2(6); e196405-196405. Broussard CS, et al, 2011. Maternal treatment with opioid analgesics and risk for birth …
The Baby Blog
About Our Baby Blog
Every person wants to know what’s best for their baby, especially when it comes to knowing how to minimize exposure risks. Our relatable stories are packed with practical information from our rotating staff of MotherToBaby expert bloggers. Whatever topic you’re looking for, our blogs will provide you a great foundation to learn more.
Listeria Infection (listeriosis)
Selected References: Ahmadi A, et al. 2022. Prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes infection in women with spontaneous abortion, normal delivery, fertile and infertile. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 22(1):974. Ahmed S, et al. 2024. Listeriosis Infection in Pregnancy: A Case Series. Cureus; 16(11):e74135. Awofiasayo A, et al. 2015. Pregnancy-associated listeriosis in England and Wales. Epidemiol Infect. 143(2):249-256. Basri NI.2024.Listeriosis in pregnancy: a challenge in …
Topical Acne Treatments
Selected References: Akhavan A & Bershad S. 2003. Topical acne drugs: review of clinical properties, systemic exposure, and safety. Am J Clin Dermatol 4(7): 473-492. \ American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), Skin Conditions During Pregnancy, 2026, https://www.acog.org/patient-resources/faqs/pregnancy/skin-conditions-during-pregnancy Andersen FA. 1998, Final report on the safety assessment of glycolic acid, ammonium, calcium, potassium, and sodium glycolates, …
Tetanus, Diphtheria and Pertussis (Tdap) Vaccine
Selected References: ACOG Committee Opinion No. 718: Update on immunization and pregnancy: tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis vaccination. 2017. Obstet Gynecol, 130(3):668-669. American Academy of Pediatrics. Committee on Infectious Diseases. “Red Book”: Report on the Committee on Infectious Diseases.” Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics 2021. Arora M, et al. 2021. Vaccines - safety in pregnancy. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 76:23-40. Baxter R, et …
Miconazole
Selected References: Bender EA, et al. 2021. Treatment methods for vulvovaginal candidiasis in pregnancy. J Mycol Med. 31(3):101138. Butler DC, et al. 2014. Safety of dermatologic medications in pregnancy and lactation: Part II. Lactation. J Am Acad Dermatol. 70(3):417 e1-10. Carter TC, et al. 2008. Antifungal drugs and the risk of selected birth defects. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 198:191-193. Czeizel AE, et al. 2004. Population-based case-control teratologic study of topical …
