Selected References: Abe S, et al. 2016. Supplementation with multiple micronutrients for breastfeeding women for improving outcomes for the mother and baby. Cochrane database of systematic reviews; 2. Adams JB, et al. 2021. Evidence-Based Recommendations for an Optimal Prenatal Supplement for Women in the U.S., Part Two: Minerals. Nutrients; 13(6):1849. Aničić R, et al. 2025. Levels of Cu, Zn, and Se in Maternal and Cord Blood in Normal and Pathological Pregnancies: A Narrative …
The Baby Blog
About Our Baby Blog
Every person wants to know what’s best for their baby, especially when it comes to knowing how to minimize exposure risks. Our relatable stories are packed with practical information from our rotating staff of MotherToBaby expert bloggers. Whatever topic you’re looking for, our blogs will provide you a great foundation to learn more.
Clindamycin
Selected References: Klebanoff MA, et al., 2023. Antibiotic treatment of bacterial vaginosis to prevent preterm delivery: Systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol, 37(3):239-251. Lamont RF, et al. 2003. The efficacy of vaginal clindamycin for the treatment of abnormal genital tract flora in pregnancy. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol, 11(4):181-189. Mackeen AD, et al. 2015. Antibiotic regimens for postpartum endometritis. Cochrane Database …
Tofacitinib (Xeljanz®, Xeljanz XR®)
Selected References: Clowse M, et al. 2016. Pregnancy outcomes in the tofacitinib safety databases for rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. Drug Saf; 39(8):755-762. Fernández-Sánchez M, et al. 2021. Fetal exposure to tofacitinib during the first trimester: A healthy newborn case report. Birth Defects Res; 113(17):1275-1279. Julsgaard M, et al. 2023. Tofacitinib concentrations in plasma and breastmilk of a lactating woman with ulcerative colitis. Lancet Gastroenterol …
Folic Acid | Folate
Selected References: Aslinia F, et al. 2006. Megaloblastic anemia and other causes of macrocytosis. Clinical Medicine & Research 4.3:236-41. Benjamin RH, et al. 2025. National Birth Defects Prevention Study and the Birth Defects Study to Evaluate Pregnancy Exposures. Maternal folic acid supplement use, folate intake, and preterm birth among infants with spina bifida. Birth Defects Res. 117(12):e70008. Bortolus R., et al. 2021. Efficacy of 4.0 mg versus 0.4 mg folic acid …
Metoprolol
Selected References: Alembic Pharmaceuticals Inc. 2017. Metoprolol tartrate product labeling. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=24837d82-0f3f-4482-9af0-31e5f675c30f. Accessed 27 Jan 2026. Bateman BT, et al. 2016. Late pregnancy β blocker exposure and risks of neonatal hypoglycemia and bradycardia. Pediatrics; 138(3). pii:e20160731. Battarbee AN, et al. 2020. Chronic hypertension in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol; 222(6):532-541. Davis RL, et al. 2011. …
