Selected References: Abdellatif M, et al. 2019. Association between exposure to macrolides and the development of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Pediatr. 178:301–314. Antonucci R, et al. 2022. Use of Azithromycin in Pregnancy: More Doubts than Certainties. Clinical drug invest. 42(11): 921–935. Bakheit, AH, et al. 2014. Azithromycin. Profiles of Drug Substn, Excip, and Rel Methodol. 39:1-40. Bérard A et al. 2015. Use of …
The Baby Blog
About Our Baby Blog
Every person wants to know what’s best for their baby, especially when it comes to knowing how to minimize exposure risks. Our relatable stories are packed with practical information from our rotating staff of MotherToBaby expert bloggers. Whatever topic you’re looking for, our blogs will provide you a great foundation to learn more.
Pegvaliase (Palynziq®)
Selected References: American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Genetics. 2008. Maternal phenylketonuria. Pediatrics 122:445–449. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Committee on Genetics. 2020. Management of women with phenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency (phenylketonuria). Obstet Gynec, 135(4):e167-e170. Bier C, et al. 2024. Outcomes in 14 live births resulting from Pegvaliase-treated pregnancies in PKU-affected females. Mol Genet Metab, 141(3):108152. …
Dextroamphetamine-Amphetamine (Adderall®)
Selected References: Anderson KN, et al. 2020. ADHD medication use during pregnancy and risk for selected birth defects: National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1998-2011. J Atten Dis. 24(3):479-489 Bang Madsen K, et al. 2025. In utero exposure to methylphenidate, amphetamines and atomoxetine and offspring neurodevelopmental disorders - a population-based cohort study and meta-analysis. Molecular psychiatry, 30(9), 3885–3894. Benassayag Kaduri, N, et al. 2024. Amphetamine use for …
Vitamin A
Selected References: Ahmad MK, et al. 2010. Withania somnifera improves semen quality by regulating reproductive hormone levels and oxidative stress in seminal plasma of infertile males. Fertil Steril, 94(3), 989–996. Ali H, et al. 2017. Effect of maternal antenatal and newborn supplementation with vitamin A on cognitive development of school-aged children in rural Bangladesh: a follow-up of a placebo-controlled, randomized trial. Am J Clin Nutr, 106(1), 77–87. American College of …
Syphilis
Selected References: Adhikari EH. 2026. Diagnosis and Management of Syphilis in Pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 147(3):323-35. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. 2024. Screening for syphilis in pregnancy. https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/practice-advisory/articles/2024/04/screening-for-syphilis-in-pregnancy/.[Accessed 03/2026]. Appak O, et al. 2019. [A case of congenital syphilis and prozone phenomenon]. Mikrobiyol Bul 53(3): 336-342. Article in Turkish …
