Selected References: Broussard CS, et al. 2011. National Birth Defects Prevention Study: Maternal treatment with opioid analgesics and risk for birth defects. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 204(4):314.e1–11. Cohen RS. 2009. Fentanyl transdermal analgesia during pregnancy and lactation. J Hum Lact. 25(3):359-361. Fishman B, et al. 2019. Pregnancy outcome following opioid exposure: A cohort study. PLoS One 14(7): e0219061. Fleet JA, et al. 2020. Fentanyl concentration in maternal and umbilical …
The Baby Blog
About Our Baby Blog
Every person wants to know what’s best for their baby, especially when it comes to knowing how to minimize exposure risks. Our relatable stories are packed with practical information from our rotating staff of MotherToBaby expert bloggers. Whatever topic you’re looking for, our blogs will provide you a great foundation to learn more.
Methadone
Selected References: ACOG (American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists). 2017. Opioid Use and Opioid Use Disorder in Pregnancy. Available at: https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/committee-opinion/articles/2017/08/opioid-use-and-opioid-use-disorder-in-pregnancy. [Accessed 7/2023]. Badhad RKS & Gittins R. 2021. Precision dosing of methadone during pregnancy: a pharmacokinetics virtual clinical trials study. J Subst Abuse Treat, 130:108521. Bakhireva LN, et al. …
Pesticides
Selected References Buckley JD, et al. 2000. Pesticide exposures in children with non- Hodgkin lymphoma. Cancer 89(11):2315-21. Carmichael SL, et al. 2016. Residential agricultural pesticide exposures and risks of selected birth defects among offspring in the San Joaquin Valley of California. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 106(1):27-35. Contreras HR, et al. 1999. Morphological alterations in mouse testis by a single dose of malathion. J Exp Zool 284:355-9. Environmental …
Topiramate (Topamax®)
Selected References: Afrman, JJ, et al. 2020. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Antiepileptic Drugs in Women with Epilepsy Before, During, and After Pregnancy. Clin Pharmacokinet. 59(4):427-45 Alsaad AMS, et al. 2015. First trimester exposure to topiramate and the risk of oral clefts in the offspring: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Reprod Toxicol 53: 45-50. Blotière PO, et al. 2020. Risk of early neurodevelopmental outcomes associated with prenatal exposure to the antiepileptic …
Buproprion (Wellbutrin®)
Selected References: Alwan S, et al. 2010. Maternal use of bupropion and risk of congenital heart defects. Am J Obstet Gynecol 203(1):52.e1-6. Anderson KN, et al 2020. Maternal use of specific antidepressants during early pregnancy and the risk of selected birth defects. JAMA Psychiatry; doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.2453. Baab S, et al. 2002. Serum bupropion levels in 2 breastfeeding mother-infant pairs. J Clin Psych 63:910-911. Chaudron LH, et al 2004. Bupropion and …
